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急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死行血栓抽吸的相关研究进展 被引量:9

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摘要 对于急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI)患者来说,行直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)是一种即刻恢复病变部位血流灌注的有效治疗方法[1]。然而,直接PCI的一个最主要的限制性是其可能会导致血管远端血栓栓塞并且不能够恢复微血管水平的血流。在支架置入前应用手动血栓抽吸将病变部位的血栓移除,将会减少远端闭塞的发生并提高患者微血管的灌注。既往研究都认为,在直接PCI的过程中血栓抽吸能够有效地减少STEMI患者,尤其是斑块负荷较重患者的远端栓塞发生率并改善微血管的灌注[2-8]。一项单中心的TAPAS研究[3]表明,在1年的随访过程中,常规的血栓抽吸能够明显降低患者的长期死亡率。然而,最近关于血栓抽吸的观点被两个多中心的研究(TASTE研究、TOTAL研究)所质疑,在这两项研究中并未显现出在直接PCI的过程中行血栓抽吸的优势[9-17],与此同时,TOTAL研究认为在直接PCI过程中常规的血栓抽吸会增加随访1年卒中风险[11,18-19]。这些研究都认为血栓抽吸并无益处,这与之前的研究结果恰恰相反[8,20]。由于研究结果存在巨大争议,最近的临床指南,已将常规血栓抽吸的建议从Ⅱa级逐步降低至Ⅲ级[21]。
作者 董海萌 于波
出处 《中国介入心脏病学杂志》 2020年第4期219-223,共5页 Chinese Journal of Interventional Cardiology
基金 国家自然科学基金重点项目(81330033) 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1301100) 黑龙江省教育厅重点项目(11551z009)。
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