某纯电动汽车动力-传动系统集成动态特性分析

Analysis of Power Transmission System Dynamic Characteristics Based on Pure Electric Vehicle

针对某纯电动汽车匹配两挡自动变速器后动力-传动系统的动力传递与动态特性过程中存在电机稳态失调的问题,提出一种PID控制算法,首先建立动力-传动系统集中质量模型,将汽车动力-传动系统分为2个等效的惯性体,2个惯性体之间采用理想弹簧连接,忽略弹簧的质量,形成质量-弹簧-阻尼系统,研究其动态特性。在此基础上,利用MATLAB/Simulink平台,分别对电机、传动系统进行建模与仿真,分析在急加速工况下电机理论模型、传动系瞬态响应和整车响应特性,并对比分析了不同变速器的速比组合对整车动态特性的影响。仿真结果表明:在急加速工况下,纯电动车的车速、加速度、传动轴的刚度及阻尼对整车震动有着重要的影响;在满足条件情况下选取最佳速比组合,能减小整车的冲击震动。

This study focuses on the problem of motor steady-state misalignment in power transfer and dynamic characteristics of a pure electric vehicle after matching two-speed automatic transmission.A PID control algorithm was proposed.Firstly,the power-transmission system centralized mass model was established,and then the automotive power-transmission system was divided into two equivalent inertial bodies.The ideal spring connection was used between the two inertial bodies with the mass of the spring being ignored.A massspring-damping system was formed to study its dynamic characteristics.Based on this,the MATLAB/Simulink platform was used to model and simulate the motor and transmission system,respectively.The theoretical model of the motor,the transient response of the drive train and the response characteristics of the vehicle were analyzed under the rapid acceleration condition,and the effects of the speed ratio combination on vehicle dynamic characteristics were also investigated.The simulation results show that under the rapid acceleration condition,the speed,acceleration,stiffness and damping of the pure electric vehicle have an important influence on the vehicle vibration.Selecting the best ratio combination within the range of working condition can reduce the shock vibration of the whole vehicle.