自闭症儿童对卡通与真人动态社会情境的视觉注意特点研究

Visual Attention Characteristics of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder to Cartoon and Real Dynamic Social Situations

自闭症儿童存在严重的沟通与社交障碍。以合适的学习材料,开展社会情境教育干预,对提高自闭症儿童社交能力非常重要。为了探究自闭症儿童观看不同类型社会情境学习材料的视觉注意特点,研究方法以卡通与真人动态社会情境视频为实验材料,以28名3-6岁自闭症儿童为研究对象,采用单因素被试内设计,利用眼动追踪技术与SPSS进行分析。实验结果表明,自闭症儿童对卡通情境中人物头部、眼睛等区域给予更多注视,而对真实情境中人物的身体区域给予更多注视;自闭症儿童对卡通情境中人物情绪的指认得分显著高于真实情境中的指认得分。这一研究结果能为自闭症儿童教育干预提供理论支撑,为设计教育干预学习材料提供指导依据。

As autistic children have serious barriers in communication and social contact,it is very important to carry out social situation education intervention with appropriate learning materials so as to enhance their social ability.In order to explore the visual attention characteristics of those children in watching different types of social situation learning materials,cartoon and real person dynamic social situation videos are taken as experimental materials,28 autistic children aged 3-6 selected as research objects,single factor intra-subject design adopted,eye tracking technology and SPSS employed for analysis.The results show 1)autistic children cast more attention to characters’head and eyes in cartoon situation,while to the body in real situation;2)their recognition score of characters’emotions in cartoon situation is significantly higher than that in real situation.The results of this study provide theoretical support for the education intervention of autistic children and give guidance for the design of education intervention learning materials.