马克思“现实的人”的理论潜力研究——构建中国特色社会主义政治经济学话语体系的尝试

A Study on the Theoretical Potential of Marx’s “Realistic Man”: An Attempt to Build the Discourse System of Socialist Political Economy with Chinese Characteristics

建设中国特色社会主义政治经济学话语体系,需要把中国经济建设的轨迹、经验、规律讲透彻。要做到这一点,关键在于形成和运用具有马克思主义渊源的、区别于西方主流经济学但又吸纳了其思想中有益成分的新范畴。建设话语体系的理论研究的焦点,就是要尝试不断挖掘马克思的具体范畴的深刻内涵,结合实践的展开,赋予其理论价值和现代意义。马克思的"现实的人"的范畴,区别于经典理性选择模型中的"经济人"观念,从关系、历史和发展的视角对人做出的全面分析,使马克思主义经济学具有强大的解释力和预测力,并且能够为解释利他行为、阐明公共目标的确立、理解经济社会的发展方向,奠定坚实的思维基础,具有成为构建中国特色社会主义政治经济学话语体系基础范畴的巨大潜力。

The construction of the discourse system of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics requires a thorough explanation of the historical trajectory,fundamental experience and essential laws of China’s economic construction.The key to achieve the above goal,lies in the formation and application of the new categories which have the Marxism origin.They are different from the ones coming from Western mainstream economics,but have absorbed the scientific elements of its thoughts.The focus of the theoretical research of discourse system construction is to continuously dig the profound connotation of Marx’s specific categories,integrate these categories with the development of practice,and endow them with new theoretical value and modern significance.Marx’s thought of"Realistic Man"is different from the concept of"Economic Man"in the classical rational choice model."Realistic Man"gives a comprehensive analysis of human beings from the perspective of relationship,history and development.It can make Marxian Economics have strong explanatory and predictive ability,lay a solid theoretical foundation for explaining altruistic behavior,clarifying the establishment of public goals and understanding the direction of economic and social development.It has a great potential to become the basic category of the discourse system of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics.