败酱属6种药用植物的生药学鉴别

Pharmacognosic Identification of Six Medicinal Plants of Patrinia

目的对败酱科败酱属6种同属药用植物的原植物及其根药材进行鉴别。方法采用性状鉴别法、微性状鉴别法和显微鉴别法对6种植物的根、茎、花序梗、花和果实等部位进行比较鉴别。结果败酱无果苞,花序梗单侧具糙毛,簇晶多成排或散聚于细胞中;攀倒甑、斑花败酱茎具两列糙毛,花白色或黄白相间,簇晶少;少蕊败酱无根茎花序梗具柔弱糙毛,簇晶多;异叶败酱花序梗被短糙毛,石细胞多且层纹明显;岩败酱果苞常具3主脉,花序梗被微糙毛,石细胞少。结论通过性状、微性状和显微特征可以鉴别败酱属6种药用植物。

Objective To identify the original plants and their roots of six medicinal plants of Patrinia,Valerianaceae.Methods Morphological identification,microscopic characteristic identification,and microscopic identification were used for the comparison and identification of the root,stem,peduncle,flower,and fruit of six plants.Results Patrinia scabiosaefolia had no fruit bracts and had rough hair on the peduncle at one side,with most clusters arranged in lines or scattered in cells.Patrinia villosa and Patrinia punctiflorahad two rows of rough hair on the stem,with white or yellow-white flowers and few clusters.Patrinia monandra had soft rough hair on the rootless peduncle,with many clusters.Patrinia heterophylla had short rough hair on the peduncle,with many stone cells and obvious lamination.Patriniarupestrishadthree main veins on the fruit bracts,slightly rough hair on the peduncle,and few stone cells.Conclusion Six medicinal plants of Patrinia can be identified based on their properties,microscopic characteristics,and microscopic features.