我国区域间法律适用统一的障碍与实现路径

OBSTACLES AND SOLUTIONS TO UNIFICATION OF LAW APPLICATION AMONG REGIONS OF CHINA

为保障公正司法,维护国家法治统一,我国在不同地区的司法裁判中蕴含的法律适用标准应当统一。统一法律适用将面临以下阻碍因素:裁判规范供需失衡的客观背景,导致地方人民法院有动机自行发展裁判规范;地方高级人民法院的职权越位,导致省级区域内裁判标准相对一致和区域间差异分化;地方人民法院竞争的利益驱动,导致各地裁判标准差异;司法地方化和司法行政化的制度根源,导致地方人民法院因利益分歧而意见分化。统一法律适用这一问题的解决应从多种途径入手,诸如:旨在去地方化和去行政化的审判独立和审判权一体化体制改革,法律渊源多元化及判例制度的引入,司法通说机制构建,等等。

For judicial justice and the unity of the rule of law,the standards of law application in judicial decisions should be unified among different regions of China.However,the realization of this unification is hindered by many factors.For example,the provision of refereeing rules is in short supply,which leads to the need for local courts to develop their own refereeing norms.The local Higher People’s Courts have often become offside of authority,resulting in the differentiation of refereeing standards in different provinces.Competition between local courts has also led to differences in the refereeing standards in local courts.The localization and the administration of the judiciary have led to differences of opinion between courts among different regions.The solution to the above problems should be dealt with in diversified approaches.For example,institutional reforms should be carried out to reduce the localization and the administration of the judiciary,and to achieve the judicial independence and maintain judicial rights.Diversification in sources of law should be explored,especially the introduction of a prejudication system and the construction of a unified judicial mechanism.