声场计算中的常用方法

Common calculation methods of radiated sound field

对复杂声场进行计算与仿真模拟,既是国内外学者研究的热点,也是近代声学理论与应用中的重要内容。结合作者的研究工作,本文简要介绍了求解稳态声场的几种典型的、基本的方法,如点源叠加法、角谱法、数值计算方法、解析-数值计算联合方法、射线法、统计声学等方法,并给出了相应的计算实例。分析了这些计算方法的特点,指出了使用相应方法时应该注意的问题,并展望了声场计算领域未来的发展方向。本文只限于已知声源特征和信息的条件下,根据声场的控制方程求解其产生的声场特性,不涉及逆问题,即由声场反推、求解声源的特征和信息。

Calculation and simulation of complex radiated sound field are not only the interesting at home and abroad,but also the important content of recent modern acoustics theory and application development.With the wide application of acoustics in various fields,many effective calculation of the methods have been proposed.In this paper,combining with the author′s research works,several calculations of the typical and basic methods for steady-state sound field are briefly introduced,such as the point source superposition method,angle spectrum method,numerical calculation method,analytical-numerical joint calculation method,ray method and statistical acoustic method,are described,and the corresponding calculation examples are given.The characteristics of these calculation methods are analyzed,and the problems that should be paid attention to are pointed out.Furthermore,the future development of sound field computation is prospected.The radiated sound field can be solved according to the control equation under the condition of known the characteristics and information of the sound source,and the inverse problem is not related,that is to say,the reverse calculation of the characteristics and the information of the sound source are not involved.