身份失焦与生存实验——《对面的撒旦》的文艺心理学分析

Indeterminate Identity and Existent Experiment--The Literary Psychoanalysis of L′adversaire

《对面的撒旦》是法国作家埃卡雷尔的非虚构作品,根据1993年法国的一起谋杀案写成,主人公杀死了自己的家人并自杀未遂,在调查与审判中他一生的谎言悉数暴露,他的许多经历真假莫辨、疑点重重。作者以记者的身份参与了审判的全过程。作品深刻展示了难以归类的空心人在生存境遇中的心理状态,在身份失焦状态中成长起来的个体选择以生存实验的方式生活,这是文本内部、人物心理的多解性与矛盾性。作品虽进行了文艺心理学分析,却呈现出反心理分析与反归纳的倾向,这种悖谬成为故事之外的又一重解释。一内一外造就了文本的丰富与深刻,也成为对心理学式分析的拷问与质疑。

L′adversaire is about a real murder case happening in France in 1993,which is an nonfiction novel written by the French writer named Emmanuel Carrere.The main character in the novel killed his family members and failed in committing suicide.When he was investigated and sentenced,numerous lies were uncovered.But many of his experiences were much more doubtful,making it hard to distinguish true from false.The author attended the trial as a journalist.The work reveals the psychological states of a hollow person who is difficult to be classified.Growing up with indeterminate identity,he chooses to conduct his life in an experimental way.This is multiplicity and contradictoriness in the text concerning the character′s mentality.Though there is the literary psychological analysis in the novel,it shows the tendency of anti-psychoanalysis and anti-induction.This paradoxical characteristic is another interpretation beyond the case.Both internal and external multiplicity deepen the implication of the novel.They challenged and questioned psychological analysis.