我国成人呼吸机相关性肺炎发生危险因素研究的文献计量学分析

Bibliometric analysis of risk factors of ventilator associated pneumonia in China

[目的]分析我国成人呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)危险因素研究现状,为早期主动筛查监测VAP高风险人群、制定预防管理措施、进行科学防控提供理论依据。[方法]检索中国知网、万方数据库和维普数据库自建库起截至2018年12月发表的有关成人VAP危险因素的文献,采用文献计量法进行分析。[结果]共检索到218篇VAP发生危险因素文献,发表文献数量呈逐年上升趋势。其中有54篇(24.77%)获得基金资助,《中华医院感染学杂志》发文量占首位,达29篇(13.30%)。发表的文献质量总体相对较高,有55.96%的文献发表在核心期刊上,但尚需有效提高研究方法的科学严谨性,扩大研究的规模和范围。病人发生VAP的高危因素共计40项,主要包括病人一般情况、病情、生理生化指标、治疗措施因素4个方面。[结论]我国VAP高危因素研究日益增多,研究论文的数量和质量也取得了长足的进步,但研究质量和规模有待进一步提高。建议通过早期筛查与管理高危人群,积极治疗基础疾病,调节机体免疫力,规范诊疗护理行为,从而实现对VAP的主动监测、及时评估和降低潜在感染风险。充分利用信息化平台,实现VAP日常风险评估和前瞻性监测与预警,降低VAP发生率,改善病人预后。

Objective:To analyze the status quo of risk factors of adults′ ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) in China,and to provide theoretical basis for early active screening and monitoring of high-risk VAP population,formulate preventive management measures and scientific prevention and control.Methods:Literatures on risk factors of VAP in adults published by CNKI,Wanfang and Weipu databases from their establishment to December 2018 were retrieved and analyzed by bibliometric method.Results:A total of 218 literatures on risk factors of VAP were retrieved,and the number of published literatures increased year by year.Among them,54 articles(24.77%) were funded by the fund,and the number of articles published by the Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology ranked first,reaching 29 articles(13.3%).The quality of published literatures was relatively higher,55.96% of them were published in core journals.However,it was necessary to effectively improve the scientific rigor of research methods and expand the scale and scope of research.There were 40 high risk factors for VAP in patients,including general demographic data,patient’s condition,physiological and biochemical indicators,and treatment measures.Conclusions:The research on high-risk factors of VAP in China is increasing day by day,and the quantity and quality of research papers has made considerable progress,but the quality and scale of research still needs to be further improved.It is suggested through early screening and management of high-risk groups to take active treatment of basic diseases and standardize the treatment behaviors,so as to achieve active monitoring of VAP and timely assessment and reduce the risk of potential infections.Meanwhile,it points out that it is necessary to make full use of the information platform to realize VAP daily risk assessment and prospective monitoring and early warning,in order to reduce the incidence of VAP and improve the prognosis of patients.