论曹禺戏剧中的“医者”及其角色转换

On Healer and its Changes of Role in Cao Yu’s Drama

在曹禺前期的戏剧创作中,主人公常被构建为具有精神类疾病的病态人物,而理应对其实施治疗的“医者”却呈现群体式架空;在曹禺后期的戏剧创作中,主人公的疾病类型由心理转向生理,具有治疗效力的医者开始出现并对病者进行了实际意义上的医学治疗。曹禺笔下医者角色的效力转换,在一定程度上可以成为曹禺戏剧由前期的“人性书写”到后期的“政治书写”风格转向的言说佐证。这种变化不仅仅是曹禺剧作中的个例,而是现代作家泛化的写作样式。疾病书写随着时代洪流的巨变,达成了由“医者架空”到“医者回归”的风格转变。

In drama of Cao Yu at the early stage,the protagonist was often described as a morbid character with mental diseases,while the healer’s role in treating the disease was useless and passive.In the later stage of his drama,the illness of the protagonists was descripted from mental to psychological diseases,when the healer conducted effective treatment to the protagonist.To some extent,the role changes of the healer in Cao Yu’s works can be a supportive evidence of the shift of Cao Yu’s dramatic style from“human nature writing”in the early stage to“political writing”in the later stage.The role changes of healer in Cao’s dramas symbolized the change of writing style of modern writers.In the great changes of the times,disease writing has changed from“healer’s vacancy”to“healer’s return”.