急诊医护人员新型冠状病毒感染调查分析与防护策略

Investigation and precautions of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers in Emergency Center

目的探讨急诊医护人员新型冠状病毒感染的原因及防护策略。方法回顾性分析2020年1月5日至3月2日武汉大学中南医院急诊科感染新型冠状病毒医护人员的资料,比较不同条件下急诊医护人员感染情况。结果共计13例感染新型冠状病毒的急诊医护人员(其中确诊病例12例,疑似病例1例),感染率为17.8%(13/73),其中急诊诊间/抢救室感染率为11.8%(4/34),隔离观察室感染率为20.0%(3/15),隔离病房感染率为25%(6/24);医生感染率为13.0%(3/23),护士感染率为20.0%(10/50)。13例感染医护人员均有明确的COVID-19确诊或疑似患者接触史,1例无症状感染者通过病原学筛查发现,2020年2月5日之后无新增感染医护人员,所有感染医护人员均治愈。结论在COVID-19疫情下,急诊医护人员具有较高的职业暴露与感染风险,尤其是隔离区工作人员。科学的防护管理可有效降低急诊科医护人员新型冠状病毒感染风险,保障执业安全。

Objective To analyze the causes of SARS-CoV-2 nosocomial infection among healthcare workers(HCWs)and explore the effective precaution strategies in Emergency Center.Methods The data of SARS-CoV-2 infected HCWs from January 5 to March 2,2020 were retrospectively analyzed and compared under different conditions in Emergency Center of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University.Results Totally 13 SARS-CoV-2 infected HCWs(12 confirmed cases and 1 suspected case)were included in this study.The overall infection rate was 17.8%(13/73).The infection rates in outpatient/rescue room,isolation observation room and isolationin patient ward were 11.8%(4/34),20.0%(3/15),25%(6/24),respectively.The infection rate of physician was 13.0%(3/23),and the infection rate of nurse was 20.0%(10/50).All the infected HCWs had the definite exposure with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients.One asymptomatic cases were identified by laboratory findings of SARS-CoV-2 infection screening.There was no new confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infected HCWs after February 5,2020.All the infected HCWs were cured.Conclusions Under the epidemic of COVID-19,HCWs of Emergency Center have a high risk of occupational exposure and infection,especially for staffs working in COVID-19 isolation units.Scientific prevention and control management can effectively reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections and ensure the occupational safety for HCWs in Emergency Center.