不同类型骨性错畸形患者蝶鞍特征研究

Study on the characteristics of sella turcica in patients with different skeletal malocclusion

目的探讨不同类型骨性错畸形患者的蝶鞍大小、形态和鞍桥发生率。方法选取2016年7月至2019年9月于中国医科大学附属口腔医院第一门诊及正畸二科就诊的骨性Ⅰ类错畸形患者100例(Ⅰ组)、骨性Ⅱ类错畸形患者100例(Ⅱ组)、骨性Ⅲ类错畸形患者100例(Ⅲ组)。收集各组患者头颅侧位片,使用Winceph8.0软件定位相关标记点,并测量蝶鞍的长度、深度和直径,同时记录蝶鞍的形态(扁平形、椭圆形、圆形)以及鞍桥的类型(无鞍桥、部分鞍桥、完全鞍桥),计算各组患者鞍桥发生率。应用SPSS 25.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果各组患者蝶鞍大小、形态比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P> 0.05);但其鞍桥发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.001),其中Ⅲ组患者鞍桥发生率(66.0%)明显高于Ⅰ组(17.0%)和Ⅱ组(34.0%)。不同性别患者蝶鞍大小、形态及鞍桥发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P> 0.05)。结论骨性Ⅲ类错畸形患者的鞍桥发生率显著增加,提示鞍桥的发生可能与颅颌面发育异常相关。

Objective To investigate the size and shape of sella turcica and the incidence of sella bridge in patients with different skeletal malocclusion. Methods Totally 100 patients with skeletal class Ⅰ malocclusion(group Ⅰ),100 patients with skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion(group Ⅱ)and 100 patients with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion(group Ⅲ)were selected from the First Outpatient Clinic and the Second Orthodontic Department of the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of China Medical University from July 2016 to September 2019. The lateral cephalogram of patients in each group was collected,Winceph 8.0 software was used to locate the relevant marker points,and the length,depth and diameter of sella were measured. At the same time,the shape of sella(flat,oval,round)and the type of sellar bridge(no sellar bridge,partial sellar bridge,complete sellar bridge)were recorded,and the incidence of sellar bridge in each group was calculated. SPSS 25.0 software was used to analyze the data statistically. Results There was no significant difference in the size or shape of sella turcica among the three groups(P > 0.05),but there was significant difference in the incidence of sellar bridge(P < 0.001). The incidence of sellar bridge in patients of group Ⅲ(66.0%)was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ(17.0%)and group Ⅱ(34.0%). There was no significant difference in the size or shape of sella turcica or the incidence of sellar bridge among patients of different genders(P > 0.05). Conclusion The incidence of sellar bridge is significantly increased in patients with skeletel Ⅲ,suggesting that the occurrence of sellar bridge may be related to cranio-maxillofacial malocclusion.