细胞外基质支架及其在牙髓再生中应用的研究进展

Research progress in extracellular matrix scaffold and its application in dental pulp regeneration

实现全牙髓功能性再生是牙髓及根尖周疾病治疗的理想目标。以干细胞为基础的再生医学技术为牙髓再生带来了新的希望,而支架材料在其中发挥重要作用。通过化学、物理或生物学等方法去除组织、器官中的细胞及抗原,可获得天然脱细胞的细胞外基质支架。其具有良好的物理特性、生物相容性以及生物降解性,能够促进干细胞黏附、生长、增殖及分化,同时具有低免疫原性,避免过敏反应和疾病传播,被认为是再生医学一种新型的生物支架。文章就细胞外基质支架的制备、特性及其在牙髓再生中应用的研究进展做一综述。

The functional regeneration of the whole dental pulp is an ideal goal of the treatment for pulpal and periapical diseases.Stem cell-based tissue engineering technology brings a new hope to dental pulp regeneration,in which the scaffold plays a vital role.The natural de-cellularized extracellular matrix(ECM)can be obtained by removing cells and antigens from tissues and organs through chemical,physical or biological methods.ECM has good physical properties,histocompatibility,biodegradability,and also can promote the cell adhesion,cell growth,and proliferation and differentiation of stem cells.Meanwhile,ECM has low immunogenicity,which can avoid allergic reactions and disease transmission.Therefore,ECM is considered as a new type of biological scaffold in the regenerative medicine.This article will review the preparation,characteristics of ECM and the its application in dental pulp regeneration.