儿童七种呼吸道病毒检测结果分析

Detection and Analysis of Seven Kinds of Respiratory Virus in Children

目的了解厦门地区儿童急性呼吸道感染病毒病原学特点及流行情况。方法方便选取2018年2月-2019年1月在该院儿科及新生儿科住院患儿共3 837例,均行7项呼吸道病毒联合检测,对检测结果进行回顾性分析。结果937例患儿检出至少一种病毒,呼吸道感染总阳性率24.6%(943/3 837),其中呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV) 568例(14.8%)、腺病毒(ADA)128例(3.3%)、流感病毒A(IFA) 107例(2.8%)、副流感Ⅲ(PIVⅢ)101例(2.6%),副流感Ⅰ(PIV) 24例(0.6%)、副流感Ⅱ(PIVⅡ) 7例(0.2%)、流感病毒B(IFB) 14例(0.4%);RSV和ADA混合感染3例,AD副流感3混合感染1例;副流感2和3混合感染1例,流感A和B混合感染1例。新生儿及婴幼儿占整体阳性感染人群比例为60.1%。病毒感染阳性检出率最高的在婴儿组,除新生儿组外,随年龄增大,病毒感染阳性检出率呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=38.530,P=0.000<0.05)。3岁以内的婴幼儿均是RSV的检出率最高,新生儿,婴儿,幼儿检出率分别是21.6%,20.3%,11.9%。呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)占总阳性病毒株的60.2%(568/943)。厦门地区呼吸道病毒感染有明显的季节性,不同月份阳性率不同,四季当中,春、冬季阳性率较高,夏、秋季阳性较低。结论 RSV病毒是厦门地区小儿急性呼吸道感染的主要病原,年龄越小发病率越高,呼吸道病毒感染呈季节性流行,冬春阳性率较高。

Objective To understand the etiological characteristics and epidemic situation of acute respiratory tract infection virus in children in Xiamen. Methods From February 2018 to January 2019, 3 837 hospitalized children in pediatrics and neonatal department of the hospital were convenienty tested for seven respiratory viruses, and the results were analyzed retrospectively. Results At least one virus was detected in 937 children. The total positive rate of respiratory tract infection was 24.4%(943/3 837). Among them, respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) was 568 cases(14.8%), parainfluenza virus Ⅲ(PIVⅢ) 101 cases(2.6%), adenovirus 128 cases(3.3%), influenza virus A(IFA) 107 cases(2.8%), parainfluenza virus 1(PIV1)24 cases(0.6%), parainfluenza 2(PIVⅡ) 7 cases(0.2%) and Influenza B(IFB) 14 cases(0.4%), RSV and ADA mixed infection 3 cases, AD and parainfluenza 3 mixed infection 1 case, parainfluenza Ⅱ and Ⅲ mixed infection 1 case, influenza A and B mixed infection 1 case. Neonates and infants accounted for 60.1% of the total positive population. The highest positive rate of virus infection was found in the infant group. Except for the newborn group, with the increase of age, the positive rate of virus infection showed a downward trend. The difference was statistically significant(χ~2=38.530, P=0.000 <0.05). The detection rate of RSV was the highest in infants under 3 years old. The detection rates of RSV in newborns,infants and infants were 21.6%, 20.3% and 11.9% respectively. Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) accounted for 60.2% of the total positive strains(568/943). Respiratory viral infection has obvious seasonality in Xiamen. The positive rate varies in different months. In the four seasons, the positive rate is higher in spring and winter, and lower in summer and autumn.Conclusion RSV is the main pathogen of acute respiratory tract infection in children in Xiamen. The younger the age, the higher the incidence, the seasonal prevalence of respiratory tract virus infection, and the higher the positive rate in winter and spring.