刺激性接触性皮炎

Irritant Contact Dermatitis

刺激性接触性皮炎(irritant contact dermatitis,ICD)是最常见的接触性皮炎,是皮肤对环境中多种毒性/物理因子的反应。目前的研究认为ICD与天然免疫系统的激活,皮肤屏障的破坏,细胞炎症介质的释放,T淋巴细胞的招募和激活有关。其临床表现复杂,取决于刺激物的性质和强度,暴露剂量、持续时间和频率、环境因素和皮肤的易感性。ICD的诊断通常是临床性的,涉及全面了解病史和体格检查,斑贴试验排除变应性接触性皮炎。

Irritant contact dermatitis(ICD)is the most common form of contact dermatitis.It represents the cutaneous response to a wide variety of toxic/physical factors.Nowadays,it is recognized that the physiological mechanism of ICD involves the activation of the innate immune system,skin barrier disruption,releasing of proinflammatory mediators and recruiting activating T lymphocytes.The clinical presentation of ICD is variable,depending on the properties and strength of the irritant,dose,duration and frequency of exposure,environmental factors,and skin susceptibility.The diagnosis of ICD is often clinical,which includes a comprehensive history and examination.Exclusion of allergic contact dermatitis requires patch testing.