图书馆珍贵资料的开放数据化建设——以京都府图书馆藏明治时期以来旅游指南的数字化项目为例

Open Data Construction of Precious Materials in Library:A Case Study of the Digitization Project of the Sightseeing Guide in the Kyoto Prefectural Library

近年来,日本有越来越多的图书馆开始尝试将馆藏珍贵文献资源进行数字化并在网上公开服务。但从数字人文学角度而言,这些资源存在着"使用范围与规范不明确""公开的数据格式不统一""数字资源的搜索手段不完善"等种种问题,因而可能无法为读者提供有效的服务。"京都府立图书馆珍贵文献收藏"项目是将京都府立图书馆馆藏珍贵文献进行数字化并在网上公开服务,于2019年3月推出第一期,内容为明治时期到战后期(第二次世界大战结束后联合国军占领时期)面向外国游客、以京都为主的城市观光指南。该项目采用了CC0协议(创作共用协议零权利协议)使用许可、DOI机制(数字对象唯一标识符)、IIIF(国际化图像互操作框架),均为世界标准,开创了日本图书馆领域的先河,今后将向全国推广。此次报告我将介绍本系统研发的过程、系统构建的细节。我们还询问了市民与人文学专家的实际使用感受、系统的使用效果与改善意见,也将一并向各位介绍。

In recent years,more and more libraries in Japan have begun to digitize the precious literature resources and provide public access on the Internet.However,from the perspective of digital humanities,there are many problems such as"unclear scope of use and specification""inconsistent open data format""imperfect search means of digital resources",which hinders effective services to readers.The project of Kyoto Prefectural Library Rare Book Collection is to digitize the precious documents collected by Kyoto Prefectural Library and to provide public access on the Internet.The first phase was launched in March 2019.The content of the project is city sightseeing guide for foreign tourists from the Meiji period to the postwar period(during the occupation of Japan by United Nations forces after the Second World War),focusing on Kyoto.The project adopts CC0 license,DOI system and IIIF,all of which are world standards,creating a pioneer in the field of Japanese libraries and will be extended to the whole country in the future.In this report,we will introduce the process of system development and details of system construction.We also asked the citizens and experts about their practical experience,the effect of the system and suggestions for improvement,all of which will also be included here.