外来植物药紫锥菊文献研究及其“中药化”理论探讨

Study on literature of Echinacea purpurea and discussion on its herbalization

该文通过查阅外来植物药紫锥菊国内外研究文献,从中医药理论的角度探讨紫锥菊的中药性能与功用,使其实现"中药化",为紫锥菊的临床正确应用与合理配伍提供中医药理论依据,并拓宽临床选用中药的范围和种类。选取PubMed及中国知网(CNKI)文献数据库中紫锥菊相关文献,从临床应用、化学成分、药理作用、毒副作用等方面进行分类,筛选出诸多可信度高的文献,其中英文文献313篇、中文文献46篇,最后结合中医基础理论进行分析。笔者认为,紫锥菊,味辛、苦,性凉,归肺、脾、心经;功效:疏散风热,清热解毒,益气扶正,可用于风热感冒,咽喉肿痛,咳嗽;热毒壅滞,疮痈肿毒,红肿热痛,体虚多病,乏力倦怠等。分析紫锥菊的研究文献,使其"中药化",赋予其中药性能与功用,为进一步动物实验和临床研究奠定基础,为紫锥菊更好地应用于临床及恰当配伍、合理应用提供科学的理论指导。这一研究模式,也将为更多的外来植物药的"中药化"研究提供借鉴,洋为中用,丰富我国中药资源宝库,促进中医药事业健康、可持续发展。

By consulting the literatures of foreign plant medicine Echinacea purpurea at home and abroad, this paper discusses the property and function of E. purpurea from the point of view of traditional Chinese medicine theory, so as to realize "herbalization", provide the theoretical basis of traditional Chinese medicine for the correct clinical application and rational compatibility of E. purpurea, and broaden the scope and varieties of clinical selection of traditional Chinese medicine. Relevant literatures of E. purpurea were selected from PubMed and CNKI databases and classified based on clinical application, chemical composition, pharmacological action, toxic and side effects. Those with a high reliability were screened out, including 313 articles in English and 46 in Chinese. Finally, the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine was analyzed. In our view, E. purpurea features pungent and bitter tastes and a cold nature, and enters lung, spleen, heart meridians, with effects in evacuating wind-heat, clearing heat and detoxifying, invigorating Qi, strengthening body resistance, and treating wind-heat cold, sore throat swelling pain, cough, heat toxin stagnation, sore carbuncle swelling toxin, red swelling heat pain, body deficiency and multiple diseases, fatigue burnout. This paper analyzes the research literatures of E. purpurea, "herbalize" it, endows it with the property and function of traditional Chinese medicine, lays the foundation for further animal experiment and clinical research, and provides scientific theoretical guidance for the better application of E. purpurea in clinic and its proper compatibility and rational application. This research model will also provide reference for further studies of "traditional Chinese medicine" of foreign plant drugs, enrich traditional Chinese medicine resources, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of traditional Chinese medicine.