蟾酥药材和饮片(蟾酥粉)的质量标准研究

Study on quality standard of Bufonis Venenum and its processed slice, toad venom powder

蟾酥为蟾蜍科动物中华大蟾蜍Bufo bufo gargarizans或黑眶蟾蜍B.melanosticus耳后腺及皮肤腺分泌物的干燥加工品。蟾酥粉为蟾酥的酒制加工品。该研究针对现行蟾酥标准局限性和存在问题,结合前期研究,构建改进的蟾酥药材整体质量控制方法和标准,包含采用优化的薄层鉴别方法进行定性鉴别;采用【含量测定】项下的色谱条件建立HPLC特征图谱;完善一测多评法的相对校正因子,并将其用于38批蟾酥药材中蟾蜍甾的含量测定,制定合理含量限度。在此基础上,参照药材拟修订方法,对不同批蟾酥粉进行【性状】、【鉴别】(薄层鉴别)、【特征图谱】、【检查】(水分)和【含量测定】等检测项研究,起草蟾酥粉的质量标准。该研究为完善《中国药典》2020年版蟾酥的质量标准提供参考。

Bufonis Venenum(toad venom) is prepared from the dried secretion of Bufo bufo gargarizans or B. melanostictus. Toad venom powder is one of the processed slices of crude material toad venom. In the present study, the global quality control method and standard of toad venom and its processed slice, toad venom powder were established, including TLC identification, characteristic chromatogram and QAMS by HPLC. The relative correction factor(RCF) was re-calculated and validated. The average RCFs of cinobufagin to gamabufotalin, bufotalin, bufalin and resibufogenin were considered for the determination of five bufadienolides in the samples. The total amount in the different batches of the dried samples varied from 4.06% to 17.0%. Referring to the revised methods for crude materials, the quality standard of toad venom powder was drafted including appearance description, TLC examination, characteristic chromatogram, water content and the total amount of five bufadienolides. The present investigation provided scientific evidences for the quality standard improvement of toad venom to be described in the next edition of Chinese pharmacopoeia(2020 edition).