基于数据挖掘的中医药治疗小儿肺炎组方用药规律研究

Prescription and medication regularity of traditional Chinese medicine for treating child pneumonia based on data mining

基于数据挖掘方法分析与总结中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)中以中医药方剂治疗小儿肺炎的组方用药规律。计算机检索CNKI中近20年来中医药治疗小儿肺炎的文献并将其作为数据源,通过筛选后建立方剂数据库,运用中医传承辅助系统(V2.5)集成的频次分析、关联规则Apriori算法及复杂系统熵聚类等分析方法进行数据分析与挖掘,对核心药物及其性味归经、用药模式和新处方等进行总结研究。对最终筛选出的408首方剂、涉及的218味中药进行分析,发现其中使用频次较高的中药为甘草、杏仁、黄芩、麻黄、桔梗、半夏、桑白皮、陈皮、茯苓、金银花等,药味以苦、甘、辛为主,药性以寒居多,归经主入肺、胃、脾三经,并得到了药物之间的关联规则,通过熵层次聚类分析得到治疗小儿肺炎新处方6个。客观呈现了目前中医辨治小儿肺炎以治痰、热为主,治肺为关键,兼顾脾胃;以清热化痰,止咳平喘,解表散寒,止咳化痰为主要治法。统计分析结果与专家共识基本吻合,可为临床遣方用药及新药开发提供理论依据。

To analyze and summarize formulae of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in the treatment of pediatric pneumonia in CNKI based on the data mining method. CNKI was retrieved for literatures of TCM treatment of pneumonia in children in recent 20 years, which was taken the data source. After screening, a prescription database was established. Frequency analysis, association rules Apriori algorithm and complex system entropy clustering analysis methods integrated in TCMISS(V2.5) were applied in data analysis and mining. Core drugs and their properties and flavors, medication modes and new prescriptions were summarized and studied. A total of 408 prescriptions were screened out, involving 218 drugs, among which Chinese herbal medicines with the highest use frequency included Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Xingren(Armeniacae Semen Amarum), Huangqin(Scutellariae Radix), Mahuang(Ephedrae Herba), Jiegeng(Platycodonis Radix), Banxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma), Sangbaipi(Mori Cortex), Chenpi(Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Fuling(Poria), Jinyinhua(Japonicae Lonicerae Flos). Flavors were mainly bitter, sweet and pungent;and the main medicinal property was cold. Most of these drugs entered lung meridian(LU), stomach meridian(ST) and spleen meridian(SP);and the association rules between drugs were established. Totally 6 new prescriptions were obtained through entropy hierarchical cluster analysis. Our results objectively presented, at present, TCM focuses on phlegm and heat in treating children′s pneumonia, which targets at lung and also treats spleen and stomach. The main therapies aim to clear heat and resolve phlegm, ventilate lung and relieve cough and dyspnea, release exterior and dissipate cold, and relieve cough and eliminate phlegm. The results of statistical analysis are basically consistent with the consensus of experts, which can provide theoretical basis for clinical medication and drug development.