不同脊柱内固定方式治疗胸腰段脊柱骨折的效果比较

Comparison of the Effects of Different Spinal Internal Fixation Methods on Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures

目的比较经伤椎与跨伤椎椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗胸腰段脊椎骨折的效果。方法针对2018年3月—2019年7月该院骨科收治的胸腰段脊柱骨折患者,从中选择54例作为该次研究的对象,奇偶数法随机分为两组,两组病例数一致。研究组患者采用经伤椎椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗,对照组患者采用跨伤椎椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗。观察与比较两组术后并发症发生率、Cobb角、椎体前后缘高度以及Frankel分级。结果术后,研究组患者Cobb角(4.60±1.02)°、椎体前缘高度(27.10±0.89)cm、椎体后缘高度(36.80±0.91)cm均优于对照组[(8.10±1.13)°、(25.30±0.85)cm、(35.40±0.88)cm],差异有统计学意义(t=4.013、3.701、3.816,P<0.05);研究组患者术后并发症发生,3.7%低于对照组15.52%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=5.083,P<0.05)。结论经伤椎椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗胸腰段脊柱骨折可以更好地矫正畸形,更好地促进患者骨折部位复位,且术后并发症几率更低,与跨伤椎椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗相比效果更佳。

Objective To compare the effects of transpedicular and transtraumatic pedicle screw internal fixation on thoracolumbar spine fractures.Methods A total of 54 patients with thoracolumbar spine fractures treated in the department of orthopaedics from March 2018 to July 2019 were selected as the subjects of this study.Patients in the study group were treated with traumatic pedicle screw internal fixation,and patients in the control group were treated with transtraumatic pedicle screw internal fixation.Observe and compare the incidence of postoperative complications,Cobb angle,vertebral anterior and posterior margin height,and Frankel classification in the two groups.Results After operation,the Cobb angle(4.60±1.02)°,the height of the anterior edge of the vertebral body(27.10±0.89)cm,and the height of the posterior edge of the vertebral body(36.80±0.91)cm were better than those of the control group[(8.10±1.13)°,(25.30±0.85)cm,(35.40.±0.88)cm],the difference was statistically significant(t=4.013,3.701,3.816,P<0.05);postoperative complications in the study group were 3.7%lower than the control group 15.52%,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=5.083,P<0.05).Conclusion The treatment of thoracolumbar spinal fractures with transpedicular pedicle screw internal fixation can better correct the deformity,better promote the reduction of fracture site,and reduce the probability of postoperative complications.Compared with fixed treatment,the effect is better.