“可取消性检验”可否取消?

Is the Cancellability Test Itself Cancellable?

随着后格赖斯语用学的兴起,"可取消性检验"的效度不断受到质疑。针对这种质疑,必须重温格赖斯最初提出这一检验的旨归,重新界定其内涵,系统考察该检验之于后格赖斯意义层面和预设、蕴涵、语力等其他意义概念的适用性;藉此表明,坚持格赖斯经典取消性标准,既能维持该检验的效度,又能切实表征意义层面连续体之可取消性的梯度性特征。为了更加有效地探究与表征可取消性的梯度性等特征,不仅应当依靠语言哲学家的直觉判断,还可以借助实验语言哲学方法予以佐证。

The validity of Cancellability Test(CT)has been under constant challenge with the rise of post-Gricean pragmatics.To confront the challenge,it is of necessity to review the essence of CT in the classic Gricean theory,redefine its substance and scrutinize the applicability of CT to post-Gricean meaning levels and to other meaning concepts such as presupposition,entailment and force,thus demonstrating that the validity of CT can be justified and the continuum as well as gradience of meaning levels can be represented in virtue of adhering to Grice’s original criterion of cancellation.And in order to better explore and represent such characteristics as gradience of cancellability,it is suggested that researchers should not only rely on their intuitive judgment,but also take advantage of methods of experimental philosophy of language to obtain more proof.