历史记忆、历史书写与民族认同——以巴勒斯坦民族主义史学为例

Historical Memory,Historical Writing,and National Identity:Palestinian Historiography as an Example

历史记忆和历史书写在民族认同形成过程中发挥着重要的构建作用。利用民族史学挖掘和整理民族记忆,界定和阐释民族历史,是巴勒斯坦人构建民族认同、开展民族运动的重要举措之一。传统精英家族出身的学者、移民学者及难民等普通民众,共同参与巴勒斯坦民族历史书写。他们着重从民族起源、民族认同、民族主义的产生与发展、第一次中东战争及其带来的灾难等方面入手,论证民族国家构建的合法性,鼓舞群众,争取国际社会支持。民族认同主导下的历史书写,带动了巴勒斯坦史学的多样化发展,但也存在着局限性。

Historical memory and historical writing play an important role in the making of national identity.It is historiography that collects and preserves national memories and defines and interprets them as national history.Historiography is one of the important tools for the Palestinians to build national identity and struggle with Zionists in their national movements.In focusing on national history such as the history of national origin,national identity,and nationalism,and the history and the disasters of the first Middle East war,the Palestinian adopt historiography as a way of nation building,to mobilize the masses and call for international support.Both Palestinian and refugee scholars participate in constructing their national history,which fosters the diverse development of Palestinian historiography.However,it also has certain limitations.