硅藻土增强橡胶复合材料的研究进展

Research and Progress of Diatomite Reinforced Rubber Composites

硅藻土是单细胞硅藻的遗骸经自然条件形成的硅质沉积岩,因其具有质轻、大的比表面积、超强的吸附性、隔音、耐磨、耐热以及耐腐蚀等特点而被广泛应用于化工、石油、建材、生物医药卫生以及环保等众多领域。然而由于硅藻土与白炭黑的结构成分相似,白炭黑通常用作橡胶的补强填料,目前硅藻土用于橡胶补强填料的研究鲜少报道。本文综述了硅藻土的性能、硅藻土的国内外研究现状、硅藻土的改性以及硅藻土增强橡胶复合材料的制备过程,并对硅藻土增强橡胶复合材料的发展趋势做了展望。

Diatomite is a kind of siliceous sedimentary rocks formed by remains of single-celled algae under natural conditions, which is widely used in chemical, petroleum, building materials, biological medicine and health care and environmental protection, and many other fields because of its light weight, large specific surface area, strong adsorption, sound insulation, wear resistance, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance characteristics etc. However, due to the similar structure and composition of diatomite and silica, the silica is usually used as rubber reinforcing filler, at present, the research on the application of diatomite in rubber reinforcing filler is seldom reported. In the present paper, the properties of diatomite, research status at home and abroad, the modification of diatomite and the preparation process of diatomite reinforced rubber composites was summarized. And the development trend of diatomite reinforced rubber composites was previewed.