中晚期宫颈癌调强放疗的临床研究

Clinical Study of Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy for Advanced Cervical Cancer

宫颈癌是妇女最常见的妇科肿瘤,放射治疗在宫颈癌治疗中占有非常重要的地位,同步放化疗是中晚期宫颈癌的主要治疗手段,既往传统的四野箱式放疗外照射由于包含了大部分的小肠、直肠、膀胱等正常组织器官,在同步放化疗中容易出现中重度的胃肠道和泌尿系统并发症,而IMRT在剂量学方面相比具有很好的优势,能够在不影响靶区剂量的前提下,降低靶区周围正常组织器官的受量,减少不必要的损伤,改善了患者的生存质量,但目前宫颈癌的IMRT还存在着一些问题和困难,如宫颈、直肠、膀胱的体位变化的分析以及肿瘤缩退后二程计划的必要性。在具体操作中要求医护人员对患者的病症进行分析,确定宫颈癌的发展情况,按照要求实施放疗治疗。为了分析中晚期宫颈癌调强放疗的效果,在该次研究中就近年中晚期宫颈癌调强放疗的研究进展作一综述。

Cervical cancer is the most common gynecological tumor in women.Radiotherapy plays a very important role in the treatment of cervical cancer.Simultaneous chemoradiotherapy is the main treatment for cervical cancer in the middle and advanced stages.Since most of the small intestine,rectum,bladder and other normal tissues and organs are exposed to moderate and severe gastrointestinal and urinary tract complications during concurrent chemoradiotherapy,IMRT has a good advantage in terms of dosimetry.Under the premise of affecting the dose of the target area,the amount of normal tissues and organs surrounding the target area is reduced,unnecessary damage is reduced,and the quality of life of patients is improved.However,there are still some problems and difficulties in IMRT of cervical cancer,such as the cervical and rectal analysis of the bladder’s position change and the necessity of a two-way plan after tumor regression.In the specific operation,medical personnel are required to analyze the patient’s condition,determine the development of cervical cancer,and implement radiotherapy treatment as required.In order to analyze the effects of intensity-modulated radiotherapy for advanced cervical cancer,this review reviews the research progress of intensity-modulated radiotherapy for advanced cervical cancer in recent years.