交通基础设施对中国区域市场一体化的影响研究--基于动态面板模型的实证分析

Research on integration of transportation infrastructure and Chinese regional market

本文以新经济地理学作为理论基础,根据冰山成本原理,将经济系统中流通领域的时间和运输成本定义为"交通-物流"成本,建立以交通基础设施作为解释变量,区域市场一体化为被解释变量的分析框架,在研究中通过引入动态面板模型解决变量的内生性问题,对中国大陆2001-2016年的铁路、高速公路、普通公路、内河航道以及代表性商品的市场分割构建模型展开分析。结果表明:①中国的区域市场仍存在显著的分割现象,各地区间的市场一体化发展水平存在显著差异;②中国从国家层面规划了多个城市群,这从政策上推动了这些区域的市场一体化进程,城市群可以实现更高程度的市场一体化;③通过建设更有效的交通基础设施网络来推动区域市场一体化发展时,东部地区应遵循"铁路优先,公路次之"的原则,即优先建设高铁网络,然后建设高速公路,普通公路和内河航道在一定程度上可以让渡预算,而中西部地区则应遵循"铁路公路齐头并进"的原则,中西部铁路和公路对区域市场一体化边际效用较高,内河航道及其他交通基础设施的建设则可以预算让渡。

This paper takes the new economic geography as the theoretical basis,According to the iceberg cost principle,the time and transportation costs in the circulation field in the economic system are defined as " transportation-logistics" costs,and an analytical framework with transportation infrastructure as the explanatory variable and regional market integration as the explained variable is established,In this study,dynamic panel model was introduced to solve the endogenous problem of variables,and the market segmentation model of railway,expressway,ordinary highway,inland waterway and representative commodities in China's Mainland from 2001 to 2016 was analyzed. The results showed that:( 1) China’s regional market still exists significant segmentation phenomenon,the market integration level of different regions has significant differences;( 2) China has planned a number of city clusters at the national level,which promotes the market integration process of these regions from the policy perspective,and city clusters can achieve a higher degree of market integration;( 3) by building more effective transport infrastructure network to promote the development of regional market integration,the eastern region should follow the principle of " railway priority,highway times",namely the priority to the construction of high-speed railway network,then the construction of highway,ordinary highway and waterway can assign a budget to a certain extent,while the central and western regions should follow the principle of " railway highway go hand in hand",the central and western railway and highway high marginal utility of regional market integration,inland waterways and other transportation infrastructure construction can budget assignment.