创新价值链视角下中国对外直接投资对产业技术创新效率影响研究

Research on the Impact of Chinese Outward Foreign Direct Investment on Industrial Technological Innovation Efficiency from the Perspective of Innovation Value Chain

本文基于创新价值链理论将产业技术创新效率细化分解,采用2009-2016年的省际面板数据,将对外直接投资(OFDI)异质门槛纳入研发投入驱动产业技术创新机理框架,运用门槛回归技术考察在不同创新阶段和空间区域OFDI对产业技术创新能力的异质影响。研究发现:创新人员、经费和专利投入对产业技术进步有显著的促进作用;OFDI逆向创新溢出对产业技术创新能力的门槛效应存在阶段异质性。在知识凝结阶段和成果转化阶段,随着对外直接投资力度加大,只有创新人员和创新专利的转化效率呈现正向边际效率递增的非线性特征;OFDI逆向创新溢出对产业技术创新能力的门槛效应存在空间异质性。OFDI对东部地区、中部地区和非"一带一路地区"具有逆向知识溢出和技术溢出的持续动态比较优势,但西部地区和"一带一路"地区OFDI创新外溢效果则相对有限。

Based on the innovation value chain theory,this paper breaks down the efficiency of industrial technological innovation,uses the provincial panel data from 2009 to 2016,and incorporates outward foreign direct investment( OFDI) heterogeneous thresholds into the R&D input-driven industry technology innovation mechanism framework.And this paper uses threshold regression technology investigate the heterogeneous impact of OFDI on industrial technological innovation capabilities in different innovation stages and space regions. The study found that: innovation personnel,funding,and patent investment have a significant role in promoting industrial technological progress;OFDI reverse innovation spillovers have a staged heterogeneity in the threshold effect of industrial technological innovation capabilities. With the increase of outward foreign direct investment in the stage of knowledge condensation and results transformation,only the conversion efficiency of innovators and innovation patents exhibits a non-linear characteristic of increasing positive marginal efficiency;There is spatial heterogeneity in the threshold effect of OFDI reverse innovation spillover on industrial technological innovation capabilities. OFDI has continuous dynamic comparative advantages of reverse knowledge spillover and technology spillover in the eastern,central and non-" Belt and Road regions",but the effect of OFDI innovation spillover in the western and " Belt and Road" regions is relatively limited.