基于主要化学成分差异的金银花与山银花种质资源系统评价研究

Systematic evaluation of germplasm resources of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos based on difference in main chemical compositions

目的以金银花和山银花中的主要化学成分为指标,系统评价金银花与山银花种质资源品质。方法采用HPLC法测定70份金银花及220份山银花中主要化学成分含量。并采用主成分分析、聚类分析等化学计量法对不同种质各主要化学成分进行分析。结果灰毡毛忍冬中绿原酸含量最高,显著高于其他4个种质。黄褐毛忍冬中异绿原酸A、异绿原酸C含量最高,显著高于其他4个种质。绿原酸、异绿原酸A、异绿原酸C三者含量之和由高到低为:灰毡毛忍冬>黄褐毛忍冬>红腺忍冬>华南忍冬>忍冬。4个种质山银花中均未检测到黄酮类成分,金银花中芦丁和木犀草苷含量较高,槲皮素含量最低。金银花中未检测出皂苷类成分,山银花中灰毡毛忍冬中灰毡毛忍冬皂苷乙含量显著高于其他3个山银花种质,黄褐毛忍冬中的川续断皂苷乙含量显著高于其他3个山银花种质。主成分分析与聚类分析表明灰毡毛忍冬、华南忍冬、红腺忍冬种质间相似度较高,黄褐毛忍冬、忍冬均与其他种质距离较远,种质差异较大。结论金银花与山银花在各主要成分含量上存在一定差异,金银花中有机酸类成分含量低于山银花,且金银花中未检测到灰毡毛忍冬皂苷乙、川续断皂苷乙等皂苷类成分;山银花中除黄褐毛忍冬外其余各种质有机酸含量均高于金银花,且山银花各种质均未检测到芦丁、木犀草苷、槲皮素等黄酮类成分;来源于黄褐毛忍冬的山银花与其他种质忍冬之间差异较大。

Objective To analyze the key components of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos to evaluate their quality from different germplasm resources.Methods HPLC was used to determine the chemical constituents of 70 Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and 220 Lonicerae Flos.Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to analyze the main chemical components of different germplasms.Results The content of chlorogenic acid in Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.was the highest,which was significantly higher than the other 4 germplasms.The content of isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C in Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng was the highest,significantly higher than that in the other 4 germplasms.The sum of content of chlorogenic acid,isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C from high to low was:Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.>Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng>Lonicera hypoglauca Miq.>Lonicera confusa DC.>Lonicerae Japonicae Thunb..Flavonoids were not detected in the 4 germplasms of Lonicerae Flos,and the content of rutin and luteolin were higher in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos,while quercetin content was the lowest.Saponins were not detected in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos.The content of macranthoidin B in Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz was significantly higher than that of in other 3 germplasms of Lonicerae Flos.The content of dipsacoside B in Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng was significantly higher than the other 3 germplasms of Lonicerae Flos.Principal component analysis and cluster analysis showed that the germplasm of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.,Lonicera confusa DC.and Lonicera hypoglauca Miq.had higher similarity,while the germplasm of Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng and Lonicerae Japonicae Flos was far away from other germplasms with greater difference.Conclusion There are certain differences between Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos.The content of organic acids in Lonicerae Japonicae Floswas is lower than that in Lonicerae Flos,and no saponins such as macranthoidin B,and dipsacoside B are detected in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos.The content of organic acids in all matters except Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng is higher than that in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos.No flavonoids such as rutin,luteolin and quercetin are detected in all matters of Lonicerae Flos.