贵州省新型冠状病毒肺炎聚集性疫情特征分析

Characteristics of cluster epidemic of 2019 novel coronavirus disease in Guizhou province

目的分析贵州省新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)聚集性疫情特征,为防控工作提供参考。方法收集2020年1月21日-2020年3月10日贵州省报告的新冠肺炎聚集性疫情资料,对疫情的发生时间、场所及疫情特征进行描述性分析。结果 2020年1月21日-2020年3月10日,贵州省报告聚集性疫情29起,均为家庭聚集病例,涉及63个家庭127例病例,占总病例的74.27%(127/171)。其中2代病例69例,占聚集性病例的54.33%(69/127),续发率为12.32%(69/560),代间距为(6.37±4.15)d。时间集中在1月28日-2月8日,共报告26起,占总疫情数的89.66%(26/29)。疫情分布在全省9个市州,贵阳市和遵义市共报告15起,占51.72%(15/29)。疫情规模以2例的居多,病例数最多的一起报告15例病例,存在潜伏期传染和无症状传染的情况。结论聚集性疫情以家庭聚集病例为主,聚餐是引起感染发病的主要原因。早期发现和隔离治疗患者,并集中隔离密切接触者非常重要。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of cluster epidemic of 2019 novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19) in Guizhou province for providing references for prevention and control of the disease. Methods From Public Health Emergency Management Information System, we collected the data on all COVID-19 cases reported in Guizhou province from January 21,the day of first case report, through March 10, 2020. Descriptive statistics was conducted to analyze the data and the information collected with case surveys on the reported cases. Results Among the 171 COVID-19 cases reported during the period, totally29 cluster epidemics were identified, of them 26(89.66%) occurred between January 28 and February 8, 2020;the 29 cluster epidemics involved 127 cases, accounting for 74.27% of all the reported cases. All the cluster epidemics occurred in family settings and 54.33%(69) of the cluster cases were second-generation incidences, with a secondary attack rate of 12.32% and a mean serial interval of 6.37 ± 4.15 days. The cluster epidemics distributed in nine cities/prefectures across the province and51.72% of the clusters occurred in the capital city(Guiyang) and another major city of the province. For the majority of the cluster epidemics, the number of the cases was 2 in each cluster but there was a cluster epidemic involving 15 cases. There were cluster epidemics caused by exposures to the cases in latent period or to asymptomatic cases. Conclusion The COVID-19 cluster epidemics mainly occurred in family settings in Guizhou province and the main route of transmission was dining together. Early diagnosis and isolation of the wof COVID-19 cases are important for the containment of the epidemic.