太原市老年人“医养结合”认知现状及影响因素分析

Cognition on pension model with combination of medication and nursing and its influencing factors among elderly residents in Taiyuan city

目的研究山西省太原市老年人对"医养结合"养老模式的认知现状,并对其影响因素进行分析总结,提出对策建议,以促进太原市"医养结合"养老模式的发展。方法于2018年8月-9月,在太原市6个主城区中随机抽取≥60岁老年常住人口进行问卷调查,共收集489份有效调查问卷,对结果进行统计描述及分析。结果本次调查中,日常生活可自理的老人选择居家养老的比例为85.5%(343/401),选择非居家养老仅为14.5%(58/401);失能、半失能老人来选择居家养老的比例为53.4%(47/88),选择非居家养老的为46.6%(41/88)。88.8%(434/489)的老年人不了解或一般了解医养结合健康养老服务,11.2%(55/489)的老年人比较了解或非常了解该模式。logistic回归分析显示影响太原市居民医养结合选择的有养育子女个数、个人月收入及了解程度等因素。结论太原市居民对医养结合健康养老服务的了解程度低,家庭养老仍占主体地位,应加强健康养老服务的宣传力度,更加有针对性和目的性的发展我国医养结合养老模式。

Objective To examine the level and influencing factors of cognition on pension model based on the combination of medication and nursing among elderly community residents in Taiyuan city, Shanxi province for proposing countermeasures to promote the development of the pension model in the city. Methods Using random sampling, we conducted a survey with a self-designed questionnaire among 510 permanent residents aged 60 years and above in 6 urban regions in Taiyuan city of Shanxi province from August to September 2018. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were adopted in data analysis. Results Totally 489 elderly completed the survey. Of the 401 respondents being capable of self-care in daily life, 85.5%(343) chose home-based care and only 14.5%(58) chose other care patterns.Among the 88 disabled and semi-disabled respondents, the proportion of choosing home-based care was 53.4%(47), and that of choosing other care patterns was 46.6%(41). Of all the respondents, 88.8%(434) did not know or knew a little about the elderly care pattern intergrating medication and nursing and only 11.2%(55) reported general or comprehensive knowledge about the elderly care pattern. Logistic regression analysis showed that the respondents′ option for the pension model intergrating medication and nursing was influenced by the number of children, monthly income, and the level of knowledge about the model. Conclusion The urban elderly residents in Taiyuan city have a low knowledge about the elderly care pattern intergrating medication and nursing and home-based care is the main pattern of elderly care in the residents,suggesting that education program on elderly care should be promoted in the population.