山东省≥60岁老年人超重、肥胖和腹型肥胖流行现状及其影响因素分析

Prevalence and influence factors of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity among residents aged 60 years and over in Shandong province

目的了解山东省老年人超重、肥胖和腹型肥胖的流行现状及其影响因素,为促进老年人身体健康提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,对在山东省内抽取的7 070名≥60岁老年人进行问卷调查和体格检查,应用SPSS 24.0统计软件分析老年人超重、肥胖和腹型肥胖流行现状及其影响因素。结果山东省7 070名≥60岁老年人中,超重者2 774人,超重率为39.2%,男性和女性超重率分别为37.2%和40.6%;肥胖者1 195人,肥胖率为16.9%,男性和女性肥胖率分别为11.2%和20.7%;腹型肥胖者5 712人,腹型肥胖率为80.8%,男性和女性腹型肥胖率分别为70.8%和87.5%。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄为70~79岁和80~岁、吸烟是老年人超重、肥胖、腹型肥胖的保护因素;居住地在城市是老年人超重和肥胖的危险因素;女性和居住地在城市是老年人腹型肥胖的危险因素。结论山东省老年人超重、肥胖和腹型肥胖率均较高。应密切关注老年人的体质状况,控制体重和腰围,采取措施预防和控制肥胖及其相关疾病的发生。

Objective To examine the prevalence and influencing factors of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity among community elderly in Shandong province and to provide evidences for promoting physical health of the elderly.Methods We recruited 7 070 urban and rural residents aged 60 years and above in three municipalities of Shandong province using stratified multistage random cluster sampling and conducted face-to-face questionnaire survey and physical examination among the residents during August-September 2017. SPSS 24.0 statistical software was used in data analyses.Results Among all the participants, the detection rate was 39.2%(male: 37.2%, female: 40.6%) for overweight, 16.9%(male: 11.2%, female: 20.7%) for obesity, and 80.8%(male: 70.8%, female: 87.5%) for abdominal obesity, respectively.Unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that among the elderly, aged 70-79 years, aged 80 years and above and smoking were protective factors against overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity;living in urban areas was a risk factor for overweight and obesity;female gender and living in urban areas were risk factors for abdominal obesity. Conclusion The prevalence of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity are high among urban and rural elderly in Shandong province and intervention measures should be promoted to control the conditions in the elderly.