应用膳食平衡指数评价广西成年居民膳食质量

Evaluation of the dietary quality of adult residents in Guangxi by Diet Balance Index

目的利用我国最新修订的膳食平衡指数(Diet Balance Index,DBI16)评价广西18岁以上成年居民的膳食质量,为今后提高居民膳食质量、开展合理膳食及营养干预提供依据。方法选用2015年中国健康与营养调查中,广西1169例18岁以上具有完整3天24小时膳食调查资料的居民,应用DBI16评分方法评价广西成年居民膳食质量。结果广西成年居民的膳食质量距DBIDQD=33.04,主要问题是低度摄入不足(DBILBS=24.66);而摄入不足、膳食失衡的程度,均为男性高于女性、农村高于城市、≥60岁年龄组高于其他年龄组(均为P<0.05)。畜禽肉类、谷类摄入过量,水果、奶类和豆类摄入不足,食物种类偏少。膳食模式主要是B模式(49.62%)和E模式(26.60%)。结论广西成年居民膳食处于低度失衡状态。应加强对中国居民膳食指南和膳食宝塔的宣传教育,并开展针对性的膳食引导和营养干预,结合广西居民膳食结构特色和主要问题,制定广西居民膳食指南。

Objective To evaluate the dietary quality of adult residents above 18 years old in Guangxi by using the new adjusted Diet Balance Index(DBI16),provide scientific basis for improving dietary quality and developing reasonable diet and nutrition intervention.Methods Data was retrieved from the 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey.The dietary quality of 1169 residents in Guangxi who aged above 18 with a complete 3 days and 24 hours diet survey was analyzed by DBI16 scoring and evaluating system.Results The DBIDQD of adult residents in Guangxi was 33.04.The main problem was insufficient dietary intake(DBILBS=24.66).The degree of insufficient intake and dietary imbalance was higher in males than females,higher in rural area than urban area,and higher in the age group≥60 years old than the other age groups(P<0.05).The intake of livestock,poultry,and cereal were excessive,and the intake of fruits,milk,and beans were insufficient.The variety of food was narrow.The dietary patterns were mainly B(49.62%)and E(26.60%).Conclusion Dietary quality of adult residents in Guangxi was in a low imbalance status.Publicity and education of Chinese dietary guidelines and dietary pagodas should be strengthened,and the targeted guidance and nutrition interventions should be conducted.The dietary guidelines for Guangxi residents should be formulated based on the characteristics and main problems of Guangxi residents.