双元驱动下智能制造发展路径——基于本土制造企业的多案例研究

The Development Path of Intelligent Manufacturingby Ambidexterity Driving——Multi-case Study based on Local Manufacturing Enterprises

智能制造通过数字化集成对制造资源进行优化以满足用户个性化需求,是我国制造业克服“低端锁定”、实现产业升级的重要途径。以海尔、华为、吉利3家本土制造企业为研究对象,应用扎根理论进行多案例分析,构建“驱动-转变-绩效”的智能制造发展机理模型,明确智能制造从起步到“生态化”不同阶段特征。研究结果表明:技术与服务的双元驱动引发企业运行机制转变进而形成智能制造绩效,制造过程变革与资源集成、服务拓展与理念更新促进智能制造转变,智能制造不同阶段在方向、作用条件、关键环节方面存在明显差异。

Intelligent manufacturing optimizes manufacturing resources through digital integration to meet the personalized needs of users,which is an important path for China's manufacturing industry to overcome"low-end locking"and achieve industrial upgrading.Taking Haier,Huawei and Geely three local manufacturing enterprises as research objects and applying the grounded theory to conduct multi-case analysis,the development mechanism model of intelligent manufacturing with"drive-transformation-performance"is constructed,and the characteristics of intelligent manufacturing at different stages from the initial stage to the"ecological"are clarified.The research results show that:the ambidextrous drive of technology and service leads to the transformation of enterprise operating mechanism and then forms the intelligent manufacturing performance,and the transformation of intelligent manufacturing is promoted by the innovation of manufacturing process,resource integration,service expansion and concept renewal,different stages of intelligent manufacturing have differences in direction,operating conditions and key links.