基于生物炭添加的控制灌排对水稻抗倒伏能力及产量的影响

The Effects of Controlled Irrigation and Drainage Based on Biochar Addition on Lodging Resistance and Yield of Rice

为探究生物炭施加后控制灌排对水稻生长发育及产量的影响,于2016年在涟水县水利试验站开展了测坑试验,共设置轻旱控排W-1、重旱控排W-2两种控制灌排模式及无生物炭施加B-0、生物炭施加B-1两种生物炭施加水平,对水稻生长指标、水稻抗倒伏性能、产量指标进行了监测与分析。结果表明生物炭添加及控制灌排W-2条件下,水稻株高均得到显著提高。施加生物炭可以缩短水稻节间长度、增大茎壁厚度及节间外径,显著提高水稻的抗倒伏能力,但在控制灌排W-2条件下,水稻的倒伏指数升高,累积破坏能量下降,水稻抗倒伏能力呈现下降的趋势。控制灌排与生物炭添加均对水稻穗长和空秕率有显著影响,其中控制灌排的影响更为明显,生物炭添加和控制灌排W-2单因素作用均显著提高了水稻产量,但两者交互作用却对产量影响不显著,相关水炭耦合效果还需进一步试验研究。

This study is aimed at investigating the effect of controlled irrigation and drainage on rice growth,development and yield with biological carbon application.A pit experiment was conducted at the Lianshui Water Conservancy Test Station in 2016,and this paper set two water control modes:light drought control and drainage named W1 and heavy drought control and drainage named W2;without biochar treatment named B0 and applied biochar treatment named B1.This paper monitors and analyzes the growth index,lodging resistance of rice and the yield of rice.The study shows that the plant height of rice increases significantly because of the condition of biochar addition and controlled irrigation and drainage W2.The application of biochar can shorten the length of rice internode,increase the thickness of stem wall and diameter of internode,and significantly improve the lodging resistance has decreased,and the lodging resistance of rice presents a declining trend due to the treatment of controlled irrigation and drainage W2 Both water level control and biochar addition had significant effects on ear length and empty stem rate of rice,among which water level control had a more significant effect.Biochar addition alone and controlled irrigation and drainage W2 both significantly increased rice yield,but the interaction between the two had no significant effect on yield, which means that the effect of controlled irrigation and drainage regulation on the enhanced yield of biochar is not obvious, and the related water-carbon coupling effect needs further study.