基于水资源配置的水库群生态调度研究

Research on the Ecological Operation of Reservoir Group Based on Water Resources Allocation

为解决复杂流域水资源配置和水库群生态调度问题,以闸坝众多的沙颍河流域为研究对象,以流域关键断面的生态基流为基础,建立以“保证河道生态用水,优先生活用水”为目标的水资源配置模型。以近年用户的实际用水为基准年的需水水平,在丰、平、枯、特枯来水条件下,应用改进大规模线性规划方法求解,得到水库生态调度控制线和运行规则,以及地表水资源分配方案,并以枯水年85%来水条件进行验证。结果表明,与原常规调度相比,水库生态调度可充分利用可调水量的时空分布以及水库群的调控能力,更有效地提高沙颍河流域关键断面生态用水的保证率。研究为沙颍河流域水资源综合管理提供了技术支撑和决策支持。

To solve the problem of water resources allocation in complex river basins and ecological operation of reservoirs,taking the Shaying River Basin(SRB)with numerous floodgates and dams as an example,based on the ecological base flow of the key sections,a water allocation model with the objective of'Ensure instream ecological water demand and prioritize domestic water use'was developed.The model took the actual water consumption of consumers in 2017 as the water demand level of the base year,optimized the allocation scheme of water resources in SRB by applying large-scale linear programming methods under the conditions of wet,normal,dry and extremely dry years.The reservoir ecological operation control line,operation rules and the water resource allocation scheme were obtained after the statistical analysis of calculation results,verified with 85%water supply conditions in dry years.By comparing the conventional operation results,the ecological operation can make full use of the spatial and temporal distribution of the adjustable water quantity and the operation capacity of floodgates and dams.It can also improve the guarantee rate of ecological water use in key sections of SRB.This study provides technical support and decisionmaking support for the comprehensive management of water resources in SRB.