膳食平衡指数评价广东省成年居民膳食质量

Evaluation of dietary quality of adults using revised dietary balance index in Guangdong Province

目的利用膳食平衡指数(DBI_16)综合评价广东省成年居民的膳食质量,为开展营养干预提供依据。方法采用DBI_16评分方法评价2015年广东省营养调查中成年人居民膳食质量水平。结果本研究共对3424名广东省居民膳食情况进行分析,年龄18~92岁,珠三角地区(广州、深圳、佛山、惠州、江门)1254人(占36.6%)、男性1570人(占45.8%),女性1854人(占54.2%),41~60岁1538人(占44.9%),小学及以下文化程度1636人(占47.8%)。广东省居民总体膳食存在中度摄入不足(29<DBI⁃LBS<43)、低度摄入过量(7<DBI⁃HBS<13)、中度膳食失衡(39<DBI⁃DQD<57)膳食状态。男性、农村、粤西地区、70岁以上、小学及以下文化程度人群膳食摄入不足、膳食不平衡较显著。蔬菜水果、豆类奶类摄入不足人群分别占86.5%、98.5%,食物多样性不足人群占53.8%。结论广东省成年居民膳食不均衡问题存在,在制定广东省营养改善策略时应考虑不同人群膳食平衡差异。

Objective To evaluate the dietary quality of adults in Guangdong Province,so as to provide a basis for nutritional intervention.Methods Based on data from a dietary survey conducted in Guangdong Province in 2015,di⁃etary quality of adults was evaluated by Diet Balance Index(DBI_16)scoring method.Results A total of 3424 residents aged 18-92 years in Guangdong Province were included for analysis.Of the participants,1254(36.6%)were living in the Pearl River Delta region(Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Foshan,Huizhou,Jiangmen),1570(45.8%)were males,1854(54.2%)females,1538(44.9%)aged 41-60 years,and 1636(47.8%)had the educational level at primary school or lower.The overalldietoftheresidentsinGuangdongProvincewasinthestatusofmoderateinadequateintake(29<DBI⁃LBS<43),light⁃ly excessive intake(7<DBI⁃HBS<13),and moderate dietary imbalance(39<DBI⁃DQD<57).The dietary inade⁃quate and imbalance were evident in residents of the male,rural areas,western rigion of the province,aged over 70 years,and with the educational level at primary school or lower.Of the participants,86.5%had insufficient intake of vegetables and fruits,98.5%had insufficient intake of beans and milk,and 53.8%were short of food diversities.Conclusion The dietary imbalance problem exists among adult residents in Guangdong Province.The differences in dietary balance among different groups should be considered when formulating strategies for improving nutrition in Guangdong Province.