贸易至上:塔夫脱与美国对华“金元外交”的缘起

Trade First: Taft and the Origin of US Dollar Diplomacy Towards China

考察塔夫脱在处理远东外交事务时对中国认识的演变过程,有利于理解美国对华"金元外交"政策的缘起。塔夫脱通过日美谈判与中国问题的思考,为美国新的外交政策构想建立起一个明确而清晰的框架。其就任美国总统后,一改前总统西奥多·罗斯福在中国东北诸问题上对日妥协的"传统"作法,积极对华推行"金元外交"。作为时代的产物,塔夫脱对华"贸易观"与新的外交政策反映出美国资本急需扩张的强烈愿望。

A study of the evolvement of Taft’s view of China in his dealing with foreign affairs concerning the Far East will help us understand the r easons for the US to adopt dollar diplomacy policy towards China. Taft’s thinking about the situation in the Far East and in China created a definte framework for the US to envision a new foreign policy. During his presidency, he abandoned the former President Theodore Roosevelt’s compromise to Japan and actively pursued dollar diplomacy toward China. Taft’s new foreign policy is a product of the time, and reflects the US capital’s strong desire to expand.