新中国法治道路的逻辑展开--以中国社会主要矛盾的发展变化为线索

The Logic of New China’s Rule of Law:Take the Development and Changes of Major Social Contradictions in China as Clues

中国社会主要矛盾的变化是判断中国共产党治国理政历史方位的重要依据,能否正确认识和判断社会主要矛盾又关乎法治事业的全局。不同"质"的社会主要矛盾,需用不同"质"的思维与方法加以解决。在不同时代背景之下,关于中国社会主要矛盾的认识和判断不一样,党和国家用以解决社会主要矛盾的目标与方式亦实现整体性转换,法治建设的地位与功能往往也大相径庭。伴随着新中国成立以来中国共产党对社会主要矛盾的认识与判断的三次历史性演变,新中国法治亦经历了从新中国成立之初的"过渡时期法制"到改革开放之后"社会主义法制",再到党的十五大正式提出"中国特色社会主义法治",以及党的十八大之后"新时代中国特色社会主义法治"的进步过程。

The change of major social contradictions in China is an important basis for judging the historical position of the CPC in governing the country.Whether the major social contradictions can be correctly understood and judged is also related to the overall situation of the rule of law.The main social contradictions of different"qualities"need to be solved with different"quality"thinking and methods.Under the background of different times,the understanding and judgment of the main social contradictions in China are different.The goals and methods used by the party and the state to solve the main social contradictions have also been transformed wholly,and accordingly the status and functions of the construction of the rule of law are often quite different.With the three historical changes in the CPC’s understanding and judgment of the major social contradictions since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the rule of law in New China has also experienced a progressive process from the"transitional legal system"at the beginning of the founding of the People’s Republic of China to the"socialist legal system"after the reform and opening-up,to the 15 th National Congress of the CPC,which formally proposed the"socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics",and to the"socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics in the new era"after the 18 th National Congress of the CPC.