单相抑郁与双相抑郁差异的研究进展

Research progress of the difference between unipolar depression and bipolar depression

抑郁症因其病因不清、致病因素复杂、发病机制不清,一直以来都是精神科领域聚焦研究的热点和难点。单相抑郁与双相抑郁均以情绪低落、兴趣减少或愉快感丧失、精力不济或疲劳等为临床特征。由于二者表现的相似性,给临床诊断带来很大的困扰。现综述单、双相抑郁在临床特点、生化代谢、脑功能影像、面部表情识别与认知功能等方面的差异,为临床鉴别两者提供理论依据,以期提高临床用药的准确性与安全性。

Depression has always been a hot spot and difficult point of focused research in the field of psychiatry due to its unclear etiology,complicated pathogenic factors,and unclear pathogenesis.Both unipolar depression and bipolar depression are characterized by depressed mood,decreased interest or loss of pleasure,lack of energy or fatigue.Due to the similarity of the two performances,it brings great troubles to clinical diagnosis.This article reviews the differences in clinical characteristics,biochemical metabolism,brain function imaging,facial expression recognition,and cognitive function of unipolar and bipolar depression,providing a theoretical basis for clinical identification of the two,with a view to improving the accuracy and safety of clinical medication.