儿童肺炎链球菌耐药性变迁

Evolution of antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children

肺炎链球菌是儿童呼吸道细菌感染的首位病原。由于抗生素的长期广泛使用,肺炎链球菌对β-内酰胺类、大环内酯类和喹诺酮类等多种抗生素的耐药性增强,耐药肺炎链球菌导致的感染增多,流行范围更广,给临床抗生素的选择带来困难。现回顾近30年来,我国儿童人群肺炎链球菌分离株对常用抗生素耐药性的变迁。肺炎链球菌耐药性快速进展更加强调了防控肺炎链球菌感染和减少抗生素不合理使用的重要性。

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the dominant pathogen of respiratory tract infections in children.Due to the long-term overuse of antibiotics,the growing resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae against many kinds of antimicrobial agents,including theβ-lactamides,the macrolides,the fluoroquinolones and so on,increasing infections caused by drug-resistant pneumococcal isolates,as well as the wide prevalence of such infections have posed great challenges to the selection of antibiotics in clinical practice.In this article,changes of resistance patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates against commonly used antimicrobial agents in Chinese children in the past 30 years were reviewed.The rapid development of antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae necessitates the prevention and control of Streptococcus pneumoniae infections as well as the reduction of unreasonable use of antibiotics.