国医大师防治新型冠状病毒肺炎处方分析

Analysis of prescriptions for prevention and treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia made by national Chinese medicine masters

目的分析目前公布的国医大师预防或治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的处方,解读其辨证思路及用药规律。方法检索国医大师公布的关于预防或治疗COVID-19的处方,检索期限自2020年1月1日至2020年2月12日。结果共9位国医大师公布了22个处方。周仲瑛、孙光荣、唐祖宣、李佃贵、金世元、王琦、熊继柏、刘祖贻共8位国医大师开具了9个预防用方,涉及中药32味,处方以益气、化湿、清热解毒为主,辅以养阴清热、疏风解表、宣肺化痰。唐祖宣、杨春波、李佃贵、孙光荣4位国医大师开具了10个治疗类处方,涉及中药61味,处方以化湿、清热、解毒为基本法则,唐老按湿邪与寒、热、毒邪分型证治,杨老依湿邪在体内的传变为辨证依据,李老专攻"湿热浊毒",孙老强调"疏风清热"。李佃贵、周仲瑛、王琦3位国医大师开具了3个香囊处方,涉及中药14味,均选用了藿香芳香化湿。结论多位国医大师积极参与防治COVID-19,对本病的病因病机认识基本一致,不论是治疗处方或是预防处方皆以益气、化湿、清热、解毒为主,结合用药频次统计,使用药物最多的是黄芪、藿香、金银花,具体证治方面则不尽相同。

Objective To analyze the prescriptions for the prevention and treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19)promulgated by national Chinese medicine masters and interpret their thoughts about syndrome differentiation and the laws of using drugs.Methods Search prescriptions for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 promulgated by national Chinese medicine masters between January 1,2020 to February 12,2020.Results A total of 9 national medical masters released 22 prescriptions.8 masters including ZHOU Zhong-ying,SUN Guang-rong,TANG Zu-xuan,LI Dian-gui,JIN Shi-yuan,WANG Qi,XIONG Ji-bai,LIU Zu-yi made 9 preventive prescriptions,involving 32 kinds of herbs.These prescriptions were mainly used for replenishing qi,removing dampness,clearing heat and removing toxicity,supplemented by nourishing yin and clearing heat,dispersing wind and relieving the exterior syndrome,dispersing lung and resolving phlegm.TANG Zu-xuan,YANG Chun-bo,SUN Guang-rong and Li Dian-gui promulgated 10 treating prescriptions,involving 61 kinds of herbs.The prescriptions were based on the basic principle of"removing dampness,clearing heat and removing toxicity".Professor TANG gave treatment by differentiating of the pathogenic dampness combined with cold,heat and toxin respectively;Professor YANG made differentiation according to the transformation of dampness in the body;Professor LI focused on"dampness,heat and toxin";Professor SUN emphasized"dispelling wind and clearing away heat".Master LI Dian-gui,ZHOU Zhong-ying and WANG Qi promulgated 3 prescriptions for perfume bags including 14 kinds of herbs,and everyone used Agastache to remove dampness by means of aromatics.Conclusion Many masters of Chinese Medicine actively participate in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19,their understandings about the etiology and pathogenesis of this disease was basically the same.No matter for treatment or for prevention,the prescriptions are mainly used to replenish qi,remove dampness,clear heat and remove toxicity.According to the statistics of drug use frequency,the most commonly used drugs are astragalus,agastache and honeysuckle.However,the specific syndrome differentiation and treatment are different.