植物源杀虫剂对绿豆象防治效果研究

Study on the Control Effect of Botanical Insecticides on of Callosobruchus chinensis

为科学防控绿豆象,通过采集和饲养观察齐齐哈尔地区室内绿豆象生活史和习性,并测定3种植物源杀虫剂对绿豆象的药效。结果表明:观察发现绿豆象1年内从4月监测到10月末可发生5代,以幼虫在豆粒内越冬,越冬代幼虫于第二年4月开始羽化,7月初到9月末是一年内发生的高峰期,室温与每代发育历期呈显著负相关(R=-0.9600,P<0.01),室温下18℃下完成一代需要44 d,23℃,40 d,25℃,34 d,27℃,32 d。植物源杀虫剂室内药效试验表明施药24 h后,鱼藤酮质量浓度0.8和1.2 g·L^-1的校正死亡率差异显著(P<0.01),分别为98.1%和86.8%。印楝素质量浓度为5.0000 g·L^-1的校正死亡率为85.9%。苦参碱质量浓度0.03 g·L^-1的校正死亡率为95.0%。

In order to control Callosobruchus chinensis scientifically,the life history and habits of Callosobruchus chinensis in Qiqihar were observed by collecting and feeding,and the efficacy of three plant insecticides on Callosobruchus chinensis was determined.The results showed that it was found there were five generations of Callosobruchus chinensis from April to the end of October.Their larvae over winter in mungbean,the overwintering larvae began to incubate in April of the next year.The peak of adult insect occurrence is from early July to late September.The temperature was negatively correlated with the developmental history of each generation(R=-0.9600,P<0.01).The incubation generation takes 44 days under the 18℃,and it takes 40 days under the 23℃,it takes 34 days under the 25℃,and it takes 32 days under the 27℃.The study of the effect of botanical insecticide demonstrate that there was significant difference after spraying for 24 hours,corrected mortality was 98.1%and 86.8%(P<0.01)for rotenone at mass concentration between 0.8 g·L^-1 to 1.2 g·L^-1.Corrected mortality was 85.9%for azadirachtin at mass concentration of 5.0000 g·L^-1.Corrected mortality was 95.0%for sophocarpidine at mass concentration of 0.03 g·L^-1.