二孩政策下传染病孕妇心理焦虑现状及相关因素分析

Analysis of psychological anxiety and its related factors in pregnant women with infectious diseases under the two-child policy

目的分析"全面二孩"政策下,传染病孕妇心理焦虑现状及相关因素,为完善传染病孕妇护理管理提供参考。方法选取2019年3~4月首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院就诊的传染病孕妇304例,采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)评估焦虑状况,并分析社会人口学信息、社会支持状况对孕妇焦虑状态的影响。结果单因素和多元回归分析均提示传染病孕妇第1胎组和第2胎及以上组之间焦虑得分差异无统计学意义(t=0.437,P=0.663),得到的社会主观支持越高(β=-0.163,P=0.013),焦虑程度越低;孕前患慢性病的传染病孕妇心理焦虑程度较未患慢性病孕妇更大(β=0.204,P=0.001)。结论随着"全面二孩"政策的推行,传染病孕妇作为特殊重点人群,其心理焦虑管理与社会支持获得情况需引起关注。

Objective To analyze the status of psychological anxiety of pregnant women with infectious diseases under the policy of"comprehensive two-child"and its related factors,and to provide reference for improving the nursing management of those pregnant women.Methods A convenient sampling method was used to assess the anxiety status of pregnant women with infectious diseases who attended Beijing Youan Hospital,Capital Medical University from March to April 2019,and the effects of social demography information and social support on pregnant women’s anxiety were analyzed.Results Both single factor and multiple regression analysis showed that there was no significant difference in anxiety scores between the first-born group and the second-born group(t=0.437,P=0.663),and the higher their subjective social support(β=0.204,P=0.001),the lower the degree of anxiety.And the pregnant women with chronic diseases before pregnancy had greater degree of psychological anxiety(β=-0.163,P=0.013).Conclusions Under the circumstance of two-child policy implementation,pregnant women with infectious diseases as a specially vulnerable group,more psychological anxiety management and social support should be paid more attention to.