肝硬化患者门静脉高压食管静脉曲张无创性检查的研究进展

Progress in Non-invasive Examination of Esophageal Varices in Liver Cirrhosis Patients With Portal Hypertension

食管静脉曲张是肝硬化的主要并发症之一。胃镜检查是检测食管静脉曲张的金标准。最新的BavenoⅥ指南表明,肝脏硬度值<20 kPa和血小板计数>150000/μL的患者不需要进行内镜检查。目前非侵入性和低侵入性食管静脉曲张检查方法主要包括肝脏和脾脏弹性成像、CT、磁共振成像、多普勒超声、实验室检查等方法。脾脏超声弹性成像与肝脏超声弹性成像相比有更大的优势,CT诊断肝硬化患者食管静脉曲张的准确性较高。本文就肝硬化患者食管静脉曲张的无创性检查作一综述。

Esophageal varices is one of the main complications of liver cirrhosis.Gastroscopy is the gold standard for the detection of esophageal varices.However,the latest BavenoⅥguidelines suggest that endoscopy is not required in patients with liver stiffness<20 kPa and platelet>150000/μL.Currently,non-invasive and low-invasive methods of esophageal varices mainly include liver and spleen elastography,CT,magnetic resonance imaging,Doppler ultrasound,laboratory examination.The elastography of spleen has more advantages than that of liver,and the accuracy of CT in the diagnosis of esophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis is high.This article reviewed the non-invasive examination of esophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis.