不同干燥工艺对药用大黄功效组分的影响

Effects of Different Drying Processes on Effective Components of Rheum officinale

目的:确定不同功效型大黄的干燥工艺。方法:采用HPLC分别测定药用大黄中鞣质类、二蒽酮类、游离蒽醌类及结合蒽醌类成分的含量,并用双因素方差分析的方法对结果进行分析。结果:不同干燥工艺条件下,药用大黄中鞣质类、二蒽酮类、游离蒽醌类、结合蒽醌类成分含量差异有统计学意义。以鞣质类含量为指标,根茎最适宜干燥条件为切1 cm厚、60℃干燥,根为切1 cm厚、30℃干燥;以二蒽酮类含量为指标,根茎最适宜干燥条件为切1 cm厚、60℃干燥,根为切5 cm厚、40℃干燥;以游离蒽醌类含量为指标,根茎最适宜干燥条件为切3 cm厚、50℃干燥,根为切3 cm厚、30℃干燥;以结合蒽醌类含量为指标,根茎最适宜干燥条件为切5 cm厚、40℃干燥,根为切5 cm厚、70℃干燥。结论:不同功效组分型大黄的定向加工方式不同,可以通过降低干燥温度或增加切片厚度的干燥工艺,定向加工泻下攻积型大黄;通过提高干燥温度或减小切片厚度的干燥工艺,定向加工出清热泻火型大黄。

Objective:To determine the drying process of different functional rhubarbs.Methods:The contents of tannins,bianthrone,free anthraquinones and combined anthraquinones in medicinal rhubarb were determined by HPLC.The results were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance.Results:Under different drying conditions,the contents of tannins,bianthrone,free anthraquinones and combined anthraquinones in medicinal rhubarb were significantly different.Taking the tannins content as the index,the optimum drying condition of the rhizome is 1 cm thick,dried at 60℃,the root is cut 1 cm thick,and dried at 30℃;the bianthrone content is used as an indicator,the rhizome is optimally dried.The condition is to cut 1 cm thick,dry at 60℃,the root is cut to 5 cm thick,and dried at 40℃;the free anthraquinones content is used as an index,and the optimum drying condition of the rhizome is 3 cm thick and dried at 50℃.The root is cut to a thickness of 3 cm and dried at 30℃.The combine anthraquinones content is used as an indicator.The optimum drying conditions for the rhizome are 5 cm thick,dried at 40℃,and the root is cut to 5 cm thick and dried at 70℃.Conclusion:The functional components of rhubarb have different directional processing methods.The drying process can reduce the drying temperature or increase the thickness of the slice,and the directional processing of the diarrhea-type rhubarb can be processed.The drying process can be carried out by increasing the drying temperature or reducing the thickness of the slice directed processing of heat-clearing and purging-fire rhubarb.