长江中下游地区杂交中稻再生稻品种适应性的综合评价与筛选

Comprehensive evaluation and screening of adaptability of mid-season hybrid rice ratooning varieties in the middle-lower reaches of Yangtze River

2018年,结合大田和盆栽试验比较了9个供试杂交中稻品种的平均生育期、平均产量、平均光能生产效率、平均积温生产效率、温室气体(CH4、N2O)累积排放、开花期耐热性和再生力,并采用隶属函数法综合评价了供试品种对于长江中下游气候变暖和作再生稻种植的适应性。结果表明:供试品种综合农艺性状表现不同程度的差异;根据平均隶属函数值的大小,从9个杂交水稻品种中筛选出综合性状较优的品种C两优华占、两优6326、荃优华占和隆两优3188;其中,隆两优3188的产量较高,耐热性强,生育期为140 d,作再生稻种植时要适时早播;两优6326、C两优华占和荃优华占适宜在长江中下游地区作再生稻种植;筛选出的4个杂交中稻作再生稻大面积种植可以减缓水稻生产对在长江中下游稻区气候变暖的不利影响。

Field and pot experiments were conducted in 2018 to compare the changes in indicators of nine mid-season hybrid rice varieties including average growth period,yields,average light energy production efficiency,average cumulative temperature production efficiency,ratooning ability,greenhouse gas emissions and heat tolerance during flowering period.The membership function method was used to comprehensively evaluate the adaptability of the tested varieties in the climate warming and ratooning ability in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.The results showed that there were obvious variations in the seven agronomic and ecological traits.According to the average values of subordinate functions,four mid-season hybrid rice varieties with moderate growth periods,high yields,high light and temperature production efficiencies,low greenhouse gas emissions,strong heat tolerances at flowering stage and good ratooning abilities were selected:C Liangyou Huazhan,Liangyou 6326,C Quanyou Huazhan and Longliangyou 3188.Liangyou 6326,C Liangyou Huazhan and Quanyou Huazhan are suitable for cultivating as ratooning rice with good potential popularization value in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.However,Longliangyou 3188 with high yield,strong heat resistance and the growth duration of 140 days should be sowed early as ratooning rice.Large-scale cultivating these four varieties selected as ratooning rice will mitigate the adverse effects of rice production on climate warming in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.