人参灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea的种群表型和基因型多样性

Phenotypic and genetic variability among Botrytis cinerea population isolated from ginseng

为探究人参灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea的种群表型和基因型多样性,对从我国人参主产区的8个地区所分离到的对人参有致病性的154株灰葡萄孢菌株进行研究,在PDA上培养3周观察其表型,通过PCR扩增的方法鉴定其转座因子类型和MAT基因型,并对不同转座因子类型的菌株进行致病力的测定。通过试验得到8种表型和3种转座因子型(Boty、Flipper和Transposa),不存在Vacuma类型,其中Transposa类型所占比例最高为93.51%,且致病力最强;同时也发现了含MAT1-1和MAT1-2的菌株个数分别为73株和75株,2种基因型在该种群中均匀分布。以上研究结果表明,我国人参灰霉病菌B.cinerea具有相对均匀的种群多样性,同时也具有丰富的表型和遗传分化。

In order to explore phenotypic and genetic variability among Botrytis cinerea population isolated from ginseng,154 B.cinerea strains that were pathogenic to ginseng,were isolated from eight regions in the main producing areas of ginseng in China.Phenotype was observed on potato dextrose agar for 3 weeks,transposable elements(TEs)and MAT locus were identified by PCR amplification,and pathogenicity of strains with different TEs was determined.Eight phenotypes,3 TEs types of Boty,Flipper and Transposa,and no Vacuma type were identified,of which Transposa was the highest proportion(93.51%)and the most pathogenic.Meanwhile,73 and 75 isolates were MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 types,respectively,which were found to be balanced overall in the population.The results obtained in the present study suggest a relatively uniform species diversity,rich phenotypic and genetic differentiation within the B.cinerea population from ginseng in China.