陇东旱塬区复种不同藜麦品种(系)的适应性初步评价

Adaptation Evaluation of Multiple Cropping of 12 Quinoa Varieties on Loess Dryland in Eastern Gansu

为分析不同藜麦品种(系)在陇东雨养地区夏播复种的生态适应性,以12个藜麦品种(系)为材料,对其物候期、农艺性状、经济性状、品质性状等指标进行考察,采用相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析法对其适应性进行综合评价。结果表明:供试的12个藜麦品种(系)除LY-2无法复种成熟外,其余的11个品种(系)均能完成生育期;对其19个性状进行相关性分析表明,单位面积籽粒产量与单株粒质量和千粒质量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),而与根倒率、茎倒率呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);株高与千粒质量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),籽粒粗蛋白和淀粉分别与籽粒直径和千粒质量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);对其15个性状指标进行主成分分析和聚类分析,对提出的5个主成分累计贡献率达85.04%,根据综合得分,筛选出适应性最好、得分最高的2个品种(系)‘陇藜4号’和‘Q2’;聚类分析表明,11个藜麦品种(系)系统聚为3大类型,各品种(系)间性状与遗传距离方面存在较大差异,其中第三类产量最高,第二类有矮秆、早熟等特性,可根据生产需要和育种目标进行综合考虑。

This study focused on the ecological adaptation of different quinoa varieties in dry farming areas of East Gansu province.Twelve quinoa varieties(lines)were used as experimental materials,plant traits involved in phenology,agronomy,economy,and quality indices were measured,three methods,including correlation analysis,principal component analysis and clustering analysis,were used to evaluate the adaptability of these quinoa varieties.The results revealed that 11 of the 12 tested quinoa varieties(lines)completed the life circle under multiple cropping,except for the LY-2.Correlation analysis of 19 plant traits showed that grain yield per unit area was positively correlated with grain weight per plant and thousand-seed weight(P<0.01),but it was negatively correlated with root pour rate and stem pour rate(P<0.01).A significantly positive correlation was observed between plant height and thousand-seed weight(P<0.01),the contents of crude protein in seed and starch were significantly positively correlated with seed diameter and thousand-seed weight(P<0.01),respectively.Principle component analysis and clustering analysis were further used to analyze the 15 plant traits of quinoa varieties(lines)and first five principal components could explain 85.04%of variance.According to the comprehensive scores,‘Longli No.4’and‘Q2’were identified and it got the highest scores.The quinoa varieties were clustered into three groups,of which the third group had the highest yield and the second group showed dwarfness and early maturity.The results suggest that great differences in traits and genetic distance were among these eleven varieties(lines),it should be comprehensively considered for future production and breeding objectives.