喷施微生物菌肥对广东丝苗香米产量形成及茎鞘物质转运特性的影响

Effect of Spraying Microbial Fertilizer on Yield Formation and Transportation Characteristics of Stem and Sheath in Cantonese Fragrant Long Grain Rice

为探明喷施微生物菌肥对广东丝苗香米产量形成及茎鞘物质转运特性的影响。在大田试验条件下,以丝苗香米品种‘美香占2号’和‘象牙香占’为材料,设喷施清水为对照,研究3个质量浓度微生物菌肥处理(0.25 g·L^-1、0.50 g·L^-1和1.00 g·L^-1)对香稻产量及其构成因素、干质量、株高、茎鞘物质转运特性和收获指数的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,喷施不同质量浓度的微生物菌肥使2种丝苗香米增产幅度达到4.74%~27.02%,提高了丝苗香米各时期的总干质量。喷施0.25 g·L^-1和0.50 g·L^-1菌肥处理显著增加了‘美香占2号’的千粒质量,不同质量浓度的喷施菌肥处理均显著提高了‘美香占2号’的每穗总粒数。喷施0.50 g·L^-1和1.00 g·L^-1菌肥处理增加了‘象牙香占’抽穗后的干质量增量,而喷施0.25 g·L^-1和0.50 g·L^-1菌肥处理则显著提高了‘象牙香占’的茎鞘物质输出率和茎鞘物质转运率。研究认为喷施微生物菌肥能调控丝苗香米的每穗总粒数、千粒质量、各时期的干质量以及茎鞘物质转运特性,进而提高产量,其中以喷施0.50 g·L^-1菌肥处理的增产效果最佳。

The objective of this study is to explore the effect of spraying microbial fertilizer on yield formation and transportation characteristics of stem and sheath in Cantonese fragrant long grain rice.A field experiment was conducted with two fragrant long grain rice cultivar‘Meixiangzhan 2’and‘Xiangyaxiangzhan’under different microbial fertilizer spraying levels(CK:0 g·L^-1,J1:0.25 g·L^-1,J2:0.50 g·L^-1 and J3:1.00 g·L^-1).The grain yield and traits related to yield,dry matter accumulation,plant height,transportation characteristics of stem sheath matter and harvest index were measured in this paper.The results showed that compared with CK,spraying microbial fertilizer increased yield of two fragrant rice cultivars from 4.74%-27.02%and increased dry matter accumulation.Spraying 0.25 g·L^-1 and 0.50 g·L^-1 microbial fertilizer significantly increased 1000-grain mass of‘Meixiangzhan 2’,all spraying microbial fertilizer treatments significantly improved grain number per panicle of‘Meixiangzhan 2’.Spraying 0.50 g·L^-1 and 1.00 g·L^-1 microbial fertilizer increased dry mass increment after heading of‘Xiangyaxiangzhan’,spraying 0.25 g·L^-1 and 0.50 g·L^-1 microbial fertilizer significantly promoted output rate and transportation rate of stem and sheath matter of‘Xiangyaxiangzhan’.The results suggested that the application of microbial fertilizer could increase grain yield by regulating grain number per panicle,1000-grain mass,biomass and transportation characteristics of stem and sheath matter of fragrant long grain rice,spraying 0.50 g·L^-1 microbial fertilizer could increase yield best.