核电冷源化学防控方法研究及应用

Research and Application of the Chemical Prevention and Control Methods for Nuclear Cooling Sources

随着海洋生态环境的变化,海洋生物侵入已成为核电冷源安全所面临的最大挑战。因海洋生物侵入导致核电机组降功率,甚至跳机、跳堆的事件时有发生。为降低此类事件的发生频率,研究人员尝试研究新的化学手段用于防控底栖海洋生物,抑制底栖海洋生物的生长。通过化学防控试验,验证了化学手段对于防控底栖海洋生物的有效性及有效浓度。通过比较分析,最终选择氯锭作为核电站防控底栖海洋生物的化学防控药剂。研究氯锭在化学防控底栖海洋生物的过程中,余氯监测结果满足核电站冷却水含有余氯允许排放浓度为0.2 mg/L的要求,未发现氯锭投放过程对周边海域海水环境产生明显影响。基于氯锭建立的海洋生物化学防控方法比较新颖,具有一定挑战性。应用结果表明,该方法对于滨海电站冷源海地瓜(Acaudina molpadioides)防控效果较好,适用于滨海电厂冷源安全保障。

With the change of marine ecological environment,the invasion of marine organisms has become the major challenge to the safety of nuclear power cooling sources.Due to the invasion of marine organisms,the power of nuclear power units is reduced,even with the jump of the reactor occurring from time to time.To reduce the occurrence of such events,the researchers have been trying to develop new chemical methods to control and inhibit the growth of benthic organisms.Through chemical prevention and control experiments,the effectiveness and effective concentration of chemical methods for controlling benthic organisms are verified in this paper.Through comparative analysis,chlorine ingot is finally selected as a chemical control agent for controlling benthic sea organisms.In the process of chemical prevention and control of benthic sea organisms by chlorine ingot,residual chlorine monitoring results have met the requirement of 0.2 mg/L for acceptable discharge concentration of residual chlorine in cooling water of nuclear power plant,and no significant impact of chlorine ingot release process is found on the surrounding seawater environment.The marine biochemical prevention and control method established by using chlorine ingot is relatively novel and challenging.The application results show that this method has a good effect on the prevention and control of the cooling sources of Acaudina molpadioides in the coastal power station,and is suitable for the safety guarantee of the cooling sources of the coastal power plants.