犯罪心理画像在犯罪现场重建中的应用研究

Research on the Application of Criminal Profiling in Crime Scene Reconstruction

犯罪心理画像是对犯罪行为人心理特征和个体性状的描绘,犯罪现场重建是对客观案件事实的整体或局部构建。两者不可脱离,更不能相互取代。犯罪心理画像可以通过归纳式和演绎式的方法运用到犯罪现场重建中去,建立应用模型,并且在法律上和技术上具备可行性。在运用过程中会存在主体认知偏差、专业素质欠缺、过分依赖等风险。实战中应该尽可能的规避认知偏差、培养综合素质人才、设置可行性应用指标体系。

The criminal profiling is the description of the psychological characteristics and individual traits of the criminal actor,and the reconstruction of the crime scene is the overall or partial construction of the facts of objective cases.They cannot be separated or replaced.The criminal profiling can be applied to the crime scene reconstruction by inductive and deductive methods,to establish application modes,and are legally and technically feasible.In the process of application,there will be some risks such as subjective cognitive deviation,lack of professional quality,over-dependence,etc.In practice,it should avoid the cognitive deviation as far as possible,cultivate the comprehensive quality talents,and set up the feasible application index system.